TIMELINE of INVENTIONS

This timeline is an expansion of the 100 Greatest Inventions Of All Time.  The 2000 inventions are arranged chronologically in 9 Eras from the beginning of Homo sapiens at 250,000 BCE to the present.  The 100 Greatest Inventions Of All Time are in bold type and underlined with the number rank of 1-100 in parentheses.

1)   oral era   250,000 bce-10,000 bce

Oral Era is prehistory defined by spoken (oral) language without written language.  Oral Era is 96% of human existence.

• Oral language begins with Homo sapiens, 250,000 BCE, Africa (150-350 BCE)
• Control of fire by Homo sapiens, 250,000 BCE (Homo habilis 2.3 million BCE), Africa (1)
• Stone tipped spears, 250,000 BCE, Africa
• Obsidian flake tools, 250,000 BCE, Africa
• Bed, 250,000 BCE, South Africa
• Stone hammer, 250,000 BCE Africa
• Stone axe, 250,000 BCE Africa
• Wood huts, 250,000 BCE, Africa
• Hafting (lever), 200,000 BCE Africa
• Clothes, 170,000 BCE Africa
• Heat treated stone blades, 150,000 BCE, South Africa
• Pigments, red ochre, paints, 100,000 BCE, South Africa
• Shell beads jewelry, 100,000 BCE, Israel, Algeria
• Harpoon, 90,000 BCE, Congo, Africa
• Bow and arrow, 70,000 BCE, South Africa (83)
• Bone sewing needle, 70,000 BCE, South Africa
• Glue, plant gum, 70,000 BCE, Sibudu, South Africa
• Trepanning, 65,000 BCE, France
• Bone tools, 60,000 BCE South Africa
• Stone grinding, 50,000 BCE, Australia (Japan 30,000 BCE)
• Cave painting, 50,000 BCE Indonesia
• Boomerang, 50,000 BCE Australia
• Rock art petroglyphs, 45,000 BCE, Australia
• Fish hook 40,000 BCE Russia
• Unbraided rope 40,000 BCE
• Shoes, 40,000 BCE
• Lowenmensch figurine, carved mammoth ivory lion-person statue, 37,500 BCE, Germany
• Cloth weaving, 36,000 BCE Czech, Georgia, Moravia, Turkey (42)
• Mortar and pestle, 36,000 BCE, Southwest Asia
• Flute, 36,000 BCE, Germany
• Atlatl, flexible throwing dart, 35,000 BCE, Africa
• Dog domestication, 32,000 BCE, Belgium
• Blanket, 32,000 BCE
• Antler tools 30,000 BCE
• Baboon bone with 29 tally marks (Lebombo bone), 30,000 BCE South Africa
• Cremation, 30,000 BCE, Australia
• Venus of Dolni Vestonice, low temperature fired ceramic figurine, 27,500 BCE, Moravia, Czechoslovakia
• Venus of Willendorf, limestone carving, 26,500 BCE, Willendorf, Austria
• Star chart, 22,000 BCE, Lascaux caves, France and El Castillo cave, Spain
• Felt, nonwoven fabric from compressed wool, hair, 20,000 BCE, central Asia
• Bullroarer, 18,000 BCE, UkrainePrimitive pottery, 18,000 BCE, China
• Sickle 15,000 BCE, Israel
• Braided rope, 15,000 BCE, 17,000 BCE, Lascaux, France
• Lunar calendar, 15,000 BCE, Lascaux, France
• Map on bone, 13,000 BCE, Ukraine
• Huts from mammoth tusks, 13,000 BCE
• Bread, 12,000 BCE, Jordan
• Dentistry, 12,000 BCE, northern Italy
• Basket weaving, 12,000 BCE

2)  tokens era   10,000 bce-3500 bce

Tokens Era is prehistory defined by agriculture and the proto writing system of clay tokens in jars which preceded true writing by 4000 years.  Tokens Era is 2.6% of human existence.

• Reed boat 10,000 BCE, MesopotamiaGourds used as vessels, 10,000 BCE, Peru
• Beer, 10,000 BCE, Mesopotamia (91)Solar calendar engraved bone, 10,000 BCE France
• Domestication of 8 founding paleolithic crops, 10,000 BCE, Mesopotamia (4)
• Herding animal (sheep, goats, cattle) domestication, 10,000 BCE, Mesopotamia/SW Asia (5)
• Advanced pottery vessels, 10,000 BCE, Japan
• Granary, 9500 BCE, Israel
• Stone monument, 9000 BCE, Gobekli Tepe, Turkey
• Quernstone, grain grinding, 9000 BCE, Abu Hureyra, Syria
• Domestication flax/linseed 9000 BCE, Mesopotamia
• Mud bricks, 9000 BCE, Jericho
• Mortar, 9000 BCE, Jericho
• Domestication pigs, 8500 BCE, Europe and Asia
• Proto city, 8000 BCE, Jericho, Israel/ Catalhoyuk, Turkey
• Use of elemental copper in artifacts, 8700 BCE, northern Iraq
• Ladder in cave painting, 8,000 BCE
• Clay tokens proto writing system, 7500 BCE Sumer, Mesopotamia
• Dugout canoe, 7500 BCE, 8000 BCE, northern Europe
• Metal chisel, 7500 BCE
• Wine like fermented grape drink, 7000 BCE, China
• Dental drill 7000 BCE, Indus river
• Mead, 7000 BCE, China
• Sledge, 7000 BCE, northern Europe
• Hallucinogenic mushroom, “soma”, 7000 BC, Tassili-n-Ajjer Plateau, Sahara, Africa
• Fort, 7000 BCE, Indus river
• Travois 7000 BCE, (before the wheel), North America
• Domestication sugar cane, 7000 BCE, New Guinea
• Sling, 2500 BCE, Peru, 7000 BCE, Mesopotamia
• Tanned leather, 7000 BCE, Indus River
• Domestication bananas, 6500 BCE, New Guinea
• Concrete 6500 BCE, Nabataea (47)
• Tin smelting 6500 BCE, Catalhoyuk, Turkey
• Lead smelting 6500 BCE, Catalhoyuk, Turkey
• Map wall painting, 6500 BCE, Catalhoyuk, Turkey
• Skis 6300 BCE Russia
• Wattle and daub b/w wood planks, 6000 BCE, Mesopotamia
• Mace, 6000 BCE, Mesopotamia
• Wool garments, 6000 BCE, Mesopotamia
• Wool rugs, 6000 BCE, Mesopotamia
• Square cloth sail, 6000 BCE, Mesopotamia (9)
• Kiln 6000 BCE, Mesopotamia
• Yogurt made with bacteria cultures, 5000 BCE, Mesopotamia
• Cheese production, 5000 BCE, Poland
• Domestication pumpkins, 6000 BCE. Mesoamerica
• Wine, 6000 BCE, Georgia (91)
• Domestication soy 5700 BCE, China
• Domestication of adzuki beans, 5700 BCE, China
• Plaster, (gypsum and water), 5500 BCE, Egypt
• Domestication chickens, 5200 BCE, China
• Irrigation, 5000 BCE, Iran, Sumer, Mesopotamia (14)
• Rowing oars 5000 BCE, China
• Drum 5000 BCE, China
• Seawall 5000 BCE, Israel
• Plant based fabric (cotton), 5000 BCE, Indus river
• Toothpaste, 5000 BCE, Egypt
• Carpentry, wood working 5000 BCE, Egypt (41)
  
• Copper smelting 5000 BCE, Serbia (11)
• Bow drill 4500 BCE, Indus river
• Lacquer, 4500 BCE, China
• Fired bricks, 4400 BCE, China
• Domestication oxen, 4000 BCE, southwest Asia (10)
• Stone paved road 4000 BCE, Indus river, Middle East
• Lost wax casting, 4000 BCE, Israel, Indus river
• Copper mines, 4000 BCE, Rudna Glava, Serbia
• Diamond mines, 4000 BCE, southern India
• Oil lamp 4000 BCE, Egypt
• Earliest use of iron for ornaments, 4000 BCE, Mesopotamia
• Forging 4000 BCE, Sumer, Mesopotamia
• Metal rivet, 4000 BCE, Uruk, Sumer, Mesopotamia (90)
• Use of yeast for leavened bread, 4000 BCE, Egypt
• Canal, 4000 BCE, Syria, Iraq
• Maize/corn domestication, 4000 BCE, Mesoamerica
• Domestication apples, 4000 BCE Kazakhstan
• Pottery wheel 3800 BCE, Sumer, Mesopotamia
• Silk, 3600, BCE, China

3)  script era   3500 bce-700 bce

 Script Era is defined by the beginnings of written language and civilization.  History begins with writing.  Script Era is 1.1% of human existence.

• Cuneiform written language 3500 BCE, Sumer, Mesopotamia (2)
• Clay tablet for writing, 3500 BCE, Sumer, Mesopotamia (2)
• Plow, ard- scratch plow, 3500 BCE, Sumer, Mesopotamia (10)
• Domestication of oxen, 3500 BCE, Sumer, Mesopotamia (10)
• Plywood, 3500 BCE, Egypt
• Wood hulled sailboat with oars, 3500 BCE, Mesopotamia, Egypt (9)
• Lubricating grease, 3500 BCE, Sumer, Mesopotamia
• Wine as anesthesia, 3500 BCE, Sumer, Mesopotamia
• Domestication horses, 3500 BCE, Eurasian steppes (8)
• Seal, emblem, 3500 BCE, Uruk, Sumer, Mesopotamia
• Wheel and axle, 3500 BCE, Slovenia/Mesopotamia (8)
• Cart, 3500 BCE, Sumer, Mesopotamia
• Bronze nail, 3300, 3400 BCE, Egypt/Sumeria, Mesopotamia (64)
• First large city, Uruk, 3200 BCE, Sumer, Mesopotamia
• Tattoo, 3200 BCE, southern Europe
• Copper-tin bronze smelting 3300 BCE, Sumer, Mesopotamia (11)
• Chariot, 3200 BCE, Kazakhstan
• Base 60 numbers, 3100 BCE, Mesopotamia
• Domestication cat, 3000 BCE
• Helmet, 3000 BCE, Mesopotamia, Egypt
• Dice, 3000 BCE, Egypt
• Oven for bread, 3000 BCE, Egypt
• Flail, 3000 BCE, Egypt
• Bell, 3000 BCE, China
• Tin mining, 3000 BCE, central Asia
• Domestication ass/donkey, 3000 BCE
• Distillation of alcohol, 3000 BCE, Indus river
• Toilets, Indoor plumbing, 3000 BCE, Indus river (25)
• Dam/Reservoir, (2800 BCE Egypt), 3000 BCE, Indus river (14)
• Honey on wounds. 3000 BCE, Egypt
• Saw, copper serrated, 3000 BCE, Egypt
• First stringed musical instruments, 3000 BCE, Egypt
• Cotton fabrics, 3000 BCE, Egypt
• Willow bark (aspirin), 3000 BCE
• Comb, 3000 BCE, Persia
• Sea going ships, 3000 BCE, Austronesia (Taiwan) (9)
• Checkers, 3000 BCE, Mesopotamia
• Brick building, 3000 BCE, Sumer, Egypt
• Glass 3000 BCE, Lebanon, Syria, Egypt (22)
• Candle, 3000 BCE, Egypt/Crete
• Metal pliers, tongs, 3000 BCE, Egypt
• Soap, 2800 BCE, Babylonia, Mesopotamia (53)
• Rhinoplasty (nose plastic surgery), 2800 BCE, Egypt
• Tea, 2737 BCE, China
• Abacus, 2700 BCE, Babylonia, Mesopotamia
• Base 10 numbers, 2700 BCE Egypt
• Math 2700 BCE, Egypt
• Chair, 2680 BCE, Egypt
• Public sewage/sanitation systems, 2600 BCE, Indus river (25)
• Public baths, 2600 BCE, Indus river (25)
• Levee, 2600 BCE, Indus river
• Mummification, 2600 BCE, Egypt
• Lyre 2600 BCE Mesopotamia
• Harp 2600 BCE Mesopotamia
• Docks, 2556 BCE, Egypt and Indus river
• Ink, 2500 BCE, Egypt, China
• Brazing and soldering metals, 2500 BCE, Egypt, Ur, Mesopotamia
• Bellows, 2500 BCE, Mesopotamia
• Wrought iron, 2500 BCE, Anatolia, Turkey
• Enclosed harbor, 2500 BCE, Lothal, Indus river
• Sulfur as pesticide, 2500 BCE, Sumer, Mesopotamia
• Standard measures for weight, length, 2500 BCE, Indus river
• Welding metals (iron artifacts), 2500 BCE, northern Anatolia (Turkey)
• Iron and gold metal dagger, 2500 BCE, Alaca Höyük in Anatolia in Turkey (82)
• Puppetry, 2500 BCE, Indus river
• Acupuncture, 2500 BCE, China
• Garlic for malaria prevention, 2500 BCE, Egypt
• Bed netting to prevent mosquitoes, Egypt
• Pickles, 2400 BCE
• Touchstone 2400 BCE, Indus river
• Copper pipes, 2400 BCE, Egypt
• Protractor, 2400 BCE, Indus river
• Ruler, 2400 BCE, Indus river
• Umbrella, 2400 BCE, 2000 BCE, Mesopotamia, China
• Clay tablet map, 2300 BCE, Babylonia, Mesopotamia
• Tunnel (carved) 2180 BCE, Babylonia, Mesopotamia
• Water filtration, purification, 2000 BCE, Indus river
• Noodles, 2000 BCE, China
• Water clock, 2000 BCE, Babylonia, Mesopotamia, Indus river
• Musical notation, 2000 BCE, Sumer, Mesopotamia
• Chariot, 2000 BCE, Russia, Kazakhstan
• Aqueduct, 2000 BCE, Minoan (Greece)
• Proto semitic alphabet, 2000 BCE, Mesopotamia
• Metal locks and keys, 2000 BCE, Assyria, Egypt
• Spoked wheel, 2000 BCE, Andronovo culture, Eurasian steppe, Egypt
• Balance scale, 2000 BCE, Indus river
• Opium as anesthesia, 2000 BCE, Egypt
• Proto-Sinaitic alphabet, 1850 BCE, Wadi el Hol
• Fractions, 1800 BCE, Egypt
• Pi defined, 1800 BCE, Babylonia
• Seismograph, 1800 BCE China
• Early steel production, 1800 BCE, Kaman-Kalehoyuk, Anatolia, Turkey
• Iron smelting 1800 BCE Mesopotamia (11)
• Semitic alphabet, 1700 BCE, Phoenicia
• Composite bow 1700 BCE, Egypt
• Iron weaponry, 1600 BCE, Hittites, Turkey
• Rubber ball game, 1600 BCE, 1400 BCE, Mesoamerica
• Phoenician war galley ship with battering ram, 1500 BCE, Phoenicia
• Scissors, 1500 BCE, Egypt
• Charcoal as medicine, 1500 BCE, Egypt
• Sundial, 1500 BCE, Babylonia, Mesopotamia
• Seed drill 1500 BCE, Egypt/Babylonia, Mesopotamia
• Pulley, 1500 BCE, Egypt
• Calamine, zinc oxide and ferric oxide, for skin rash, 1500 BCE, Egypt
• Iron sword, 1500 BCE, Anatolia, Turkey
• Trumpet, 1500 BCE,Egypt, King Tut
• Rudder, 1420 BCE, Egypt
• Stoneware, 1400 BCE, China
• Steel surface hardening with rapid cooling and chemical (blood/urine) treatment, 1400 BCE, Hattians, Anatolia, Turkey
• Rigveda ancient Sanskrit text suggests round Earth, heliocentric universe, 1350 BCE, India
• Decimal system 1300 BCE China
• Lathe 1300 BCE, Egypt
• Tempered steel, heat and slow cooling, increased toughness, 1150 BCE, Galilee, Israel
• Phoenician alphabet, 1100 BCE, Phoenicia
• Playing cards, 1000 BCE, China
• Dictionary 1000 BCE China
• Pontoon bridge, temporary, 1000 BCE China
• Inoculation by variolation (smallpox), 1000 BCE, China
• Spoon, 1000 BCE, Egypt
• Iron wool shears, 1000 BCE, Egypt
• Ice skates, 1000 BCE, Scandinavia
• Kite 1000 BCE China
• Bagpipe, 1000 BCE, Scotland via Romans
• Sandwich 1000 BCE, Hittities, Turkey
• Toe prosthesis, 950 BCE, Egypt
• Mobile siege engine with battering ram, 850 BCE, Assyrian, Turkey
• Dentures, false teeth, 750 BCE, Etruscans, Italy

4)  alphabet era  700 BCE-476 ad

Alphabet Era is defined by the Greek alphabet, the first true alphabet with vowels.  About 3/4 of the modern world uses primarily alphabetic languages.

• First true alphabet with vowels, Greek alphabet, 700 BCE, Greece (35)
• Early saddle, cloths, pads, 700 BCE, Assyria (62)
• Grammar, 700 BCE, India
• Music notation, 700 BCE, India
• Chocolate, 700 BCE, Maya/Aztec, Mesoamerica
• Buckle, 700 BCE, Greece
• Crossbow, 650 BCE, 550 BCE, China
• Money/coins, 600 BCE, Phoenicia (Lebanon), Lydia (Turkey) (54)
• Metal anchor, 592 BCE, 650 BCE, Greece
• Wootz crucible steel, 600 BCE BCE, south India
• Crank (rotary quern), 575 BCE, Carthage and Spain,
• Crane, 515 BCE, Greece
• Moldy soybean curds used as antibiotic, 500 BCE, Egypt and Greece
• Winch, 500 BCE, Persia, Assyrians (Turkey)
• Toe stirrup, 500 BCE, India (62)
• Geometry, 500 BCE, Pythagorus, Greece
• Fan, 500 BCE, India
• Lateen (triangular) sail, 500 BCE, Greece
• Wagonway, Railway, 700-500 BCE, Greece-Corinth
• Metal rimmed wheel, Celtic, 500 BCE
• Catapult, 485 BCE, Ajatashatru, Magadha, India, (400 BCE Syracuse, Sicily)
• Spiral stairs, 480 BCE Temple A, Selinunnte, Sicily, Italy
• Cast iron, 450 BCE, China
• Hammock, 425 BCE, Alcibiades, Greece
• Chain mail, 400 BCE, Romania
• Blast furnace 400 BCE, China
• Magnetic compass, non-nautical, 400 BCE China
• Pike, 400 BCE, Macedonia, Greece
• Distillation 400 BCE, Indus river (Pakistan)
• Cesarean section, 400 BCE, Sushruta Samhita, India
• Prosthetic limb, 550 BCE, 400 BCE, Sushruta Samhita, India, Persia
• Pens, 350 BCE, India and Egypt
• Ink 350 BCE, India and Egypt
• Greek hydraulic semaphore system, 350 BCE, Greece
• Rotary mill animal driven, 350 BCE, Carthage, North Africa
• Trebuchet, 350 BCE, China
• Gears, 350 BCE, China (84)
• Zinc production, 325 BCE, Maurya empire, India
• Potassium nitrate production, 320 BCE, Maurya empire, India
• Sundial 300 BCE
• Cast iron moldboard plow (kuan), 300 BCE, China
• Crop rotation for maximum soil fertility, 250 BCE, Greece
• Grammar for sanskrit, 250 BCE, Panini, India
• Piston 250 BCE, Egypt
• Levers, center of gravity, hydrostatics, 250 BCE, Archimedes, Greece
• Compound pulley, 250 BCE, Archimedes, Greece
• Trigonometry, 250 BCE, Greece
• Water wheel mill, 250 BCE, Greece
• Lighthouse, Alexandria 250 BCE, Hellenistic Egypt
• Soccer 250 BCE, China, Modern soccer 1800’s England
• Pipe organ, hydraulis, 250 BCE, Ctesibius of Alexandria, Roman
• Gimbal, 250 BCE, Philo of Byzantium, Turkey
• Smoke signals, Great Wall China, 200 BCE, China
• Lock Suez canal, 200 BCE, Hellenistic Egypt
• Ice cream from mixing rice, milk and snow; or buffalo milk, snow, flour and camphor, 200 BCE, King Tang of Shang, China
• Framed saddle, 200 BCE, China
• Dry dock, 200 BCE, Phoenicians, Egypt
• Archimedes screw, 200 BCE, Greece (65)
• Book 180 BCE, Greece
• Comprehensive star chart, 150 BCE, Hipparchus of Nicaea, Rhodes (Greek)
• Astrolabe, 150 BCE, Hipparchus of Nicaea, Rhodes, (Greek), Apollonius of Perga, Anatolia, Turkey
• Parchment, 150 BCE, Pergamum, Turkey
• Belt drive, 100 BCE, Rome
• Ephedrine, ma huang, herbal stimulant, antiasthmatic, 100 BCE, China
• Glass blowing, 100 BCE, Rome/Babylon/Lebanon
• Wheelbarrow 100 BCE, 231 BCE, Zhuge Liang, China
• Coarse paper, 100 BCE China
• News, Acta Diurna, 59 BCE Rome (61)
• Arch bridge, 50 BCE, Rome
• Arch dam, 50 BCE, Rome
• Improved vertical water wheel, 50 BCE, Vitruvius, Rome
• Calendar Julian 45 BCE Julius Caesar, Rome (98)
• Trip hammer, 40 BCE, China
• Glyph for zero, 38 BCE, Maya, Chiapa de Corzo, Chiapas
• Iron padlock, 30 BCE Rome
• Pozzolana 27 BCE, Rome (47)
• Odometer, 27 BCE, Vitruvius, Rome
• Artemisinin for malaria, 0 AD, China
• Battery, Parthian for electroplating, 0 AD
• Wood and bronze ball bearings, 40 AD, Rome
• Simple steam turbine, 50 AD, Hero of Alexandria, Hellenistic Egypt
• Vending machine, 50 AD, Hero of Alexandria, Hellenistic Egypt
• Gears, 50 AD, Hero of Alexandria, Greece(84)
• Glass mirror, 50 AD, Lebanon
• Encyclopedia, 77 AD, Pliny the Elder, Rome
• Claw hammer, 79 AD, Pompeii, Rome
• Chrysanthemum use as natural insecticide, 100 AD, China
• Glass window, 100 AD, Rome
• Horseshoes, 100 AD, Rome
• Iron chain suspension bridge, 100 AD, China
• Torch (sulfur and lime) 100 AD Rome
• Fine paper, 100 AD, Cai Lun (Ts’ai Lun), China (6)
• Dome architecture, 123 AD, Pantheon, Rome
• Negative numbers, 210 AD, Han Dynasty, China
• Woodblock printing, 220 AD, China
• Horse collar, 250 AD, China
• Crank and rod, 250 AD, Middle East
• Fork, 300 AD, Rome
• Mongolian recurve bow, 300 AD, Mongolia
• Early Hindu-Arabic number system, 300 AD, Gupta-era, India
• Paired metal stirrups, 302 AD, widespread by 477 AD, China (62)
• Oil wells depth of 240 meters, bore drilling, 347 AD China
• Mariner’s compass for navigation (1st mention), 350 AD, Tamil, southern India (71)
• Iron platform suspension bridge, 350 AD, India
• Fishing reel, 350 AD, China
• Use of decimal point, 400 AD, India
• Iron pillar of Delhi, 400 AD, Gupta empire, India
• Chess, 400 AD, 550 AD, India (Gupta empire) then Persia
• Helicopter toy (bamboo dragonfly) 400 AD, China
• Modern trigonometry, 450 AD, Siddhantas, India

5)  numbers era  476 ad-1450

Numbers Era is defined by the creation of the Hindu-Arabic base 10 number system with fractions, decimals, negatives, and zero.  Virtually the entire world uses the Hindu-Arabic number system. 

• Accurate eclipse prediction, 499 AD Aryabhata, India
• Elliptical orbits of planets, 499 AD Aryabhata, India
• Modern fractional notation, 499 AD, Aryabhata, India (13)
• Paddle wheel boat, 450 AD Rome
• Clear glass, 500 AD, Angelo Barovier, Italy
• Dome, Hagia Sophia, 563 AD, Constantinople, Turkey
• Sulfur matches 577 AD China
• Quill pen, 580 AD, Sevilla, Spain
• Toilet paper, 589 AD, China
• Mathematical treatment of numerical zero, 628 AD, Brahmagupta, India (13)
• Windmill, 650 AD, Persia
• Banknote, 650 AD, China
• Greek fire, 672 AD, Constantinople, Turkey
• Porcelain, 700 AD, China
• Spinning wheel for yarn, 700 AD, India
• Pinhole camera, 700 AD, Karnataka, India
• Mechanical clock, 725 AD,Yi Xing China (31)
• Arab paper making 751 AD, Middle East
• Abu Musa Jabir ibn Hayyan (aka Geber), isolates hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, and
• aqua regia, 770 AD Persian/Iran/Iraq
• Coffee, 800 AD Yemen, 1400 AD Ethiopia
• Paper currency, 800 AD, China
• Hindu/Arabic numbers, zero, fractions, decimals, negatives 820 AD, Al-Khwarizmi, Leonard Pisano (Fibonacci),
• Italy India (13)
• Algebra, 850 AD, Syria
• Black gunpowder, 850 AD, Wei Boyang, China (20)
• Degree granting university, 859 AD Fez, Morocco
• Firelance, first firearm, 950 AD, Song Dynasty, China
• Mural sextant, 994 AD, Abu-Mahmud al-Khujandi, Iran
• Eyeglasses, 1000, China
• Longbow, 1000, 1350 Wales, England
• Viking longboat 1000, Scandinavia
• Spinning wheel, 1030, Middle East
• Mariner’s wet compass, 1040, China (71)
• Ambulance, Crusades, 1050, Palestine, Lebanon
• Bessimer process, 1050, 1200 AD, China
• True university, 1088, Bologna, Italy
• Moveable type, 1088, 1041, Bi Sheng, Song Dynasty, China (6)
• Tower water clock with chain drive, 1094, Su Song, Han Gong-lian, China
• Chinese junk, 1100, China
• Modern musical notation, 1120 Giudo d’Arezzo, Italy
• Bank, 1149, Genoa, Italy
• Fireworks, 1150, China
• Bond trading, 1150, France
• Tennis 1150, France
• Papermill Europe, 1190, France, 1276, Italy
• Flush hand washing machine, 1206, Al-Jazari, Syria (Mesopotamia)
• Crankshaft (rotary to reciprocating motion), 1206, Al-Jazari, Syria (Mesopotamia)
• Combination lock, 1206, Al-Jazari, Muhammad al-Astrulabi, Syria (Mesopotamia)
• Camshaft (reciprocating to rotary motion), 1206, Al-Jazari, Syria (Mesopotamia)
• Automaton (pre-robotic), 1206, Al-Jazari, Syria (Mesopotamia)
• Rocket, 1232, 1250, 904, China
• Bomb, 1221, China
• Button 1250, Germany
• Fractional distillation, 1250, Taddeo Alderotti, Italy
• Magnifying glass, 1250, Roger Bacon, England, UK
• Hand cannon, 1250, China (20)
• Land mine, tunnel mines, 1277, China
• Eyeglasses, 1286, Salvino degli Armati, Alessandro di Spina, Italy (22)
• Golf 1297 Dutch, 1400’s Scotland
• Scythe , 1300, Europe
• Bronze cannon 1326, 1128, China (20)
• Naval mine, 1350, Ming Dynasty, China
• Firearm, musket, 1300, 1350 China (20)
• Production line for ship building, 1320, Venice, Italy
• Lacrosse, 1400’s Native Americans
• Cricket 1400’s, England (UK)
• Coil spring, 1420, 1450, Europe/ German
• Rain gauge, 1441, Jang Yeong-Sil, Korea

6) print era  1450-1837

The Print Era is defined by mechanical print from metal movable type on paper.  Machine printed books began an DATA revolution.

• Gutenberg printing press, 1450, Johannes Gutenberg, Mainz, Germany (3)
• Metal screw, 1450, Europe (65)
• Trombone (sackbut) 1450, Italy
• Guitar, 1450, Spain
• Anemometer (wind gauge), 1450, Leon Battista Alberti, Italy
• Arquebus hand held cannon, matchlock ignition, early firearm, 1450, Spain
• Improved mariner’s astrolabe, 1490, Portugal
• Rifle,1498, Gaspard Kollner, Austria (20)
• Toothbrush, boar hair, 1498, China
• Chip log, 1500, Portugal
• Pocket watch, 1500, Peter Henlein, Germany
• Tomato, 1500’s, New World, Mesoamerica (63)
  
• Potato, 1500’s New World, Peru (63)
  
• Pepper, 1500’s New World, Mesoamerica (63)
  
• Sunflower, 1500’s, New World, North America (63)
  
• Tobacco, 1500’s, New World, Caribbean (63)
• Crosstaff, Jacob’s staff, 1510, Levi ben Gerson, France
• Etching for printmaking, 1510, Daniel Hopfer, Germany
• String bass, double bass, 1516, Italy
• Cello, 1535, Gaudenzio Fenali, Serrano, Italy
• Sand casting metal,1540, Vannoccio Biringuccio, Italy
• Violin, 1542, Andrea Amati of Cremona, Italy
• Combination lock, 1550, Gerikani Cardano, Italy
• Condom, linen/salt 1560, Gabriele Falloppio, Italy
• Floating dry dock, 1560, Venice, Italy
• Jointed artificial limb prosthetic, 1564, Ambroise Pare, France
• Graphite pencil, 1564, Conrad von Gesner, Switzerland
• Mercator projection map, 1535, 1569, Gerardus Mercator, Netherlands
• Modern Gregorian calendar, 1582, Pope Gregory XIII, Italy (98)
• Wheelchair, for Phillip II, 1590, Spain
• Compound microscope, 1600, 1590, Hans and Zacharias Jansen, Netherlands (22)
  
• Print newspaper 1605, Johann Carolus, Strassburg, Germany (61)
  
• Optical telescope 1608, Hans Lippershey, Netherlands (22)
• Flintlock ignition, 1612, Marin Le Bourgeoys, France
• Cigarette, 1614, Seville, Spain
• Submarine, 1620, Cornelius Drebbel, Netherlands (99)
• Slide rule, 1622, 1630, Edmund Gunter, William Oughtred, Seth Partridge, England
• Quinine bark for malaria, 1632, Jesuit missionaries, Latin America (81)
• Mechanical calculator, 1623,1642, Wilhelm Schickard, Blaise Pascal, Germany/France
• Vernier scale calipers, 1631, Pierre Vernier, France
• Screw micrometer, 1635, William Gascoigne, England (UK)
• Modern algebra 1637. Rene Descartes, France
• Mercury barometer, 1643, Evangelista Torricelli, Italy
• Magazine, 1663, Germany
• Orange carrot, 1650, Dutch
• Necktie, 1650, Croatia
• Vacuum pump, 1650, Otto von Guericke, Germany/Prussia
• Oboe, 1650, Jean Hotteterre, Michel Danican Philidor, France
• Gutta percha, elastomer latex from palaquium tree bark, 1656, John Tradescant, England, UK
• Pendulum clock, 1656, Christiaan Huygens, Netherlands
• Hygrometer, 1664, Francesco Folli, Italy
• Lens grinding lathe, 1664, Giuseppe Campani, Italy
• Reflecting telescope, 1668, Isaac Newton, UK
• Coiled spring watch mechanism, 1675, Christian Huygens, Netherlands
• Universal joint 1676, Robert Hooke, England (UK)
• Pressure cooker, 1679, Denis Papin, France
• Calculus, infinitesimal 1680, England, Isaac Newton, Gottfried Leibniz, England/Germany
• Thimble, 1684,1693, John Lofting, Netherlands/UK
• Socket bayonet, 1688, Sébastien de Vauban, France
• Binary language, 1689, 1703, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Germany
• Centrifugal air pump (mine ventilation), 1689, Denis Papin, France
• Clarinet, 1690, Johann Christoph Denner, Nuremberg, Germany
• Sofa, 1690, England (UK)
• Metronome, 1696, Etienne Loulie, France
• Steam engine pump (mines), 1698, Thomas Savory, England (UK) (16)
• Mechanical seed drill, horse drawn, 1701, Jethro Tull, England (UK)
• Piano, 1709, Bartolomeo Cristofori di Francesco, Italy
• Alcohol thermometer, 1709, Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, Poland
• Piston driven atmospheric steam engine mine pump, 1712, Thomas Newcomen, England (UK) (16)
• Padlock, 1720, Christopher Polhem, Sweden
• Sextant, 1731, John Hadley, Thomas Godfrey, UK/USA
• Pitot tube, 1732, Henri Pitot, France
• Baby carriage, 1733, William Kent, England (UK)
• Flying shuttle, weaving, 1733, John Kay, England (UK)
• Centigrade scale, 1742, Anders Celcius, Sweden
• Franklin stove, circulating 1742, Benjamin Franklin, USA
• Leyden jar (capacitor), 1745, Pieter van Musschenbroek, Dutch/German
• Modern cataract surgery, 1745, France
• Automated loom, 1745, Jacques Vaucanson, France
• Randomized controlled clinical trial, 1747, James Lind, UK (96)
• Lightning rod, 1749, Benjamin Franklin, USA
• Glue from fish, 1750, UK
• Sunglasses, 1752, James Ayscough, England (UK)
• Flexible urinary catheter, 1752, Ben Franklin, USA
• Marine chronometer 4, 1761, John Harrison, England (UK)
• Appendectomy, successful, 1763, Claudius Aymand, France
• Spinning Jenny, cotton spinning, 1764, James Hargreaves, England (UK)
• Surveyor’s perambulator wheel, 1765, Isaac Fenn, England (UK)
• Improved steam engine with separate condenser, 1765, James Watt, Scotland (UK) (16)
• Carbonated water, soft drinks, 1767, 1772, Joseph Priestly, England (UK)
• Venetian blind, 1769, Edward Beran, England (UK)
• Rubber eraser, 1770, Joseph Priestly, England, UK
• Caterpillar tracks, 1770, Richard Lovell Edgeworth, England (UK)
• Microtome for fine slicing tissue, 1770, George Adams, Jr., UK
• Spring weighing scale, 1770, Richard Salter, England (UK)
• Boring machine, 1st machine tool, 1774, John Wilkinson, England (UK)
• Iron bridge, 1775, Abraham Darby III, UK
• Screw cutting lathe, 1775, Jesse Ramsden, England (UK) (65)
• S-trap for indoor toilet, 1775, Alexander Cummings, Thomas Crapper, England (UK)
• Military submersible hand powered craft, “turtle” 1775, David Bushnell, USA
• Steamboat, 1776, Claude-Francois-Dorothee, Marquis de Jouffroy d’Abbans, France
• Air compressor, 1776, John Wilkinson, England (UK)
• Breech loading flintlock rifle, 1776, Patrick Ferguson, Scotland (UK)
• Circular saw, 1777, Samuel Miller, England (UK)
• Tumbler lock, 1778, Robert Barron, England (UK)
• Spinning mule, 1779, Samuel Crompton, England (UK)
• Argand lamp, sperm whale oil, 1780, Aime Argand, Switzerland
• Self winding watch, 1780, Lewis Recordon, UK
• Iron rocket, 1780, Tipu Sultan of Mysore, India
• Self winding clock, 1783, Benjamin Hanks, USA
• Parachute, 1783, 1797, Louis-Sebastien Lenormand, Andre-Jacques Garnerin, France
• Manned hot air balloon, 1783, Joseph-Raif, Joseph-Michel Montgolfier and Jacques-Etienne Montgolfier, France
• Shrapnel shell, 1784, Henry Shrapnel, England (UK)
• Safety lock, 1784, Joseph Bramah, England (UK)
• Valved trumpet, 1785, Anton Weidinger, Vienna, Austria
• Automatic flour mill, 1785, Oliver Evans, USA
• Threshing machine, 1786, Andrew Meikle, Scotland
• Power loom, wool combing machine, 1789, Edmund Cartwright, England
• Bifocals, 1784, 1789, Benjamin Franklin, USA
• Early aerosol spray can, for carbonated beverages, 1790, France
• Nail making machine, 1790, Jacob Perkins, USA
• Shoe laces, 1790, Harvey Kennedy, England, UK
• Pile driver, 1791, John Stone, USA
• Gas turbine, for electricity 1791, John Barber, England (UK)
• Guillotine, 1791, Joseph-Ignace Guillotin, France
• Hard tack biscuit, 1792, Theodore Pearson, USA
• Cotton gin, 1783, 1793, Eli Whitney, USA
• Metric system, 1791, 1795, French Academy of Sciences, France
• Hydraulic press, 1795, Joseph Bramah, England (UK)
• Cowpox vaccination for smallpox, 1796, Edward Jenner, England (UK) (18)
• Modern plywood, 1797, Samuel Bentham, England (UK)
• Fourdrinier continuous paper making machine, 1799, 1803, Henry and Sealy Fourdrinier, Louise-Nicolas Robert, France
• Voltaic pile battery zinc-silver, first chemical battery, 1800, Alessandro G.A.A.Volta, Italy (27)
• Automated cloth weaving loom, 1801, Joseph-Marie Jacquard, France
• Punched card data encoding, 1801, Joseph-Marie Jacquard, France
• Fire hydrant 1801, Birdsill Holly, Jr., USA
• Gas stove, 1802, Zachaus Winzler, Austria
• First steam locomotive, 1802, Richard Trevithick, UK (16)
• Screw propeller driven steamboat, 1802, John Stevens, USA (16)
• Morphine general anesthetic, 1804, Hanaoka Seishu, Japan
• Successful glider flight, 1804, George Cayley, England (UK)
• High pressure steam locomotive engine, 1804, Richard Trevithick, England (UK)
• Lighted endoscope, “lichtleiter,” 1805, Philipp Bozzini, Vienna, Austria
• Electroplating, 1805, Luigi Brugnatelli, Italy
• Electrolysis, 1806, Humphrey Davy, England (UK)
• Carbon paper copying, 1806, Ralph Wedgwood, England (UK)
• Successful mechanical reaping machine, 1807, Cyrus Hall McCormick, USA
• Percussion cap firearm 1807, Alexander John Forsyth, Scotland (UK)
• Internal combustion engine, cylinder, 1807, Nicephore Niepce, France
• Commercial, practical wheel driven steamboat, Claremont, 1807, Robert Fulton, USA (16)
• Band saw, 1808, William Newberry, England (UK)
• Lace-making machine, 1809, John Heathcoat, England (UK)
• Electric arc lamp, 1809, Humphry Davy, England (UK)
• Vacuum sealed food jar, canning, 1809, Nicholas Appert, France
• Iron/tin canned food, 1810, Peter Durand, England (UK)
• Breech loaded rifle, 1810, John H. Hall, USA
• Steam powered cylindrical printing press, 1811, Friedrich Koenig, Germany
• Miners safety lamp, 1812, 1815, Humphry Davy, William Reed Clanny, England/Ireland
• First practical steam locomotive, 1814, George Stephenson, UK (16)
• Kaleidoscope, 1814, David Brewster, UK
• Dental floss, 1815, Levi Spear Palmly, USA
• Macadam road surface, 1815, John Loudon McAdam, Scotland (UK)
• Stethoscope, 1816, 1819, Renae Laennec, France
• Stirling engine, efficient engine, 1816, Robert Stirling, Scotland (UK)
• Cardboard box, 1817, Malcolm Thornhill, England (UK)
• American sign language, 1817, Thomas H. Gallandet, USA
• Geared steam tunneling shield, 1818, Marc Isambard Brunel, France/UK
• Fire extinguisher, 1818, George Manby, England (UK)
• Iron plow with interchangeable parts, 1819, Jethro Wood, USA
• Electromagnet, 1820, Hans Oersted, Andre-Marie Ampere, William Sturgeon, England (UK)
• Early, primitive electric motor (DC), 1821, Michael Faraday, England (UK)
• Primitive photograph 1822, 1827, Nicephore Niepce, France (36)
• Waterproof raincoat, Macintosh, 1823, Charles Macintosh, Scotland, (UK)
• Lighter, 1823, Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner, Germany
• Bolt action rifle 1824, Johann Nikolaus von Dreyse, Prussia
• Braille language for blind, 1824, Louis Braille, France
• Automatic spinning mule, 1825, Richard Roberts, Welsh (UK)
• Derringer pistol, 1825, Henry Derringer, USA
• Camera, 1826, Joseph Nicephore Niepce, France (36)
• Friction match, 1826, John Walker, England UK
• Insulated copper wire, cloth, 1827, 1835 Joseph Henry, USA
• Fountain pen, 1827, Petrache Poenaru, Romania
• Elastic fabric, 1830, Thomas Hancock, England (UK)
• Thermostat, 1830, Andrew Ure, Scotland (UK)
• Cylindrical bullet, 1830, Henri-Gustave Delvigne, France
• Steam carriage, 1830, Goldsworthy Gurney, England (UK)
• Pyrometer, high temperature measure, 1830, John Frederic Daniell, England (UK)
• Stenotype machine for shorthand, 1830, Karl Drais, Germany
• Electric doorbell, 1831, Joseph Henry, USA
• Chloroform, 1831, E. Soberra, Samuel Guthrie, France/USA
• Mechanical reaper, 1831, Cyrus Hall McCormick, Obed Hussey, USA
• Dynamo, electromagnetic induction (DC), 1831, Michael Faraday, England (UK)
• Time-lock safe, bank vault, 1831, William Rutherford, Scotland (UK)
• Codeine oral opiate pain, diarrhea, and cough suppressant medicine, 1832, Pierre Jean Robiquet, France
• Glass aquarium, 1832, Jeanne Villepreux-Power, France
• Thermistor, 1833, Michael Faraday, England (UK)
• Combine harvester, 1834, Hiram Moore, USA
• Refrigerator, 1834, 1842, John Gorrie, Oliver Evans, USA (38)
• Horseshoe making machine, 1835, Henry Burden, USA
• Wrench, 1835, Solymon Merrick, USA
• Tuba, 1835, Wilhelm Wieprecht and Johann Gottfried Moritz, Prussia
• Negatives for photography on paper, 1835, Willam Henry Fox Talbot, UK
• Practical electric motor, 1835, William Sturgeon, UK
• Practical revolver, first multi shot single barrel firearm, 1835, Samuel Colt, USA
• Analytic machine, mechanical computer, 1822, 1835, Charles Babbage, England (UK) (7)
• Rivet manufacturing machine, 1836, Antoine Durenne, France
• Transformer, 1836, Nicholas Callan, Ireland

7)  wired era  1837-1920

The Wired Era is defined by electricity over insulated copper wire.   DATA communication was first by telegraph wires, then by telephone wires.

• Morse code 1837, Samuel Morse, USA (56)
  
• First practical telegraph, 1837, Samuel Morse, USA (56)
• Practical threshing machine, 1837, Hiram A. Pitts, John A. Pitts, USA
• Standard flush toilet, 1837, Thomas Crapper, UK
• Standard diving suit, 1837, Augustus Siebe, Germany
• Steam hammer, 1837, James Nasmyth, Scotland (UK)
• Steel plow, 1837, John Deere, USA
• Pitman shorthand, 1837, Isaac Pitman, England (UK)
• Silver based photo processing, Daguerreotype, 1837,1839, Louis Daguerre, France
• Power loom for carpet manufacture, 1838, Erastus Bigelow, USA
• Hydrogen fuel cell, 1838, William Robert Grove, Wales (UK)
• Photographic negative for multiple photo reproductions, 1838, William Henry Fox Talbot, UK
• Steam shovel, 1839. William Otis, USA
• Vulcanized latex rubber with sulphur, 1839, Charles Goodyear, USA (92)
• Propeller driven steamship, Archimedes, 1839
• Super phosphate, 1st fertilizer, 1839, 1842, Justus von Liebig, John Bennet Lawes, England
• Polystyrene, 1839, Eduard Simon, Germany
• Solar cell, photovoltaic effect, 1839, Edmond Becquerel, France
• Baseball, 1839, Abner Doubleday, Cooperstown NY, USA
• Glass syringe for injection, 1840, 1853, Charles Gabriel Pravaz, Alexander Wood, France/Scotland (UK) (96)
• Electric powered clock, 1840, Alexander Bain, Scotland (UK)
• Compound camera lens, Petzval lens, 1840, Jozef Petzval, Hungary
• Telemark cross country skis, 1840, Telemark, Norway
• Venetian blinds, 1841, John Hampson, USA
• Life preserver, cork, balsa wood, 1841, Captain Ward, UK
• Nuts and bolts making machines, 1842, Micah Rugg, USA
• Grain elevator, 1842, Joseph Dart, NY, USA
• Electric car, 1842, Thomas Davenport, Robert Davidson, USA/Scotland (UK)
• Ice cream maker, 1843, Nancy Johnson, USA
• Manila paper from canvas, sails, and rope, 1843, John Mark, Lyman Hollingsworth, USA
• Rotary printing press, 1843, 1846, Richard March Hoe, NY, USA
• Greeting card, Christmas, 1843, John Callcott Horsley, England (UK)
• Primitive fax machine, 1843, Alexander Bain, Scotland (UK)
• Hypodermic needle, 1844, Francis Rynd, Ireland  (23)
• Practical mowing machine, 1844, William Ketchum, USA
• Chicken wire fence, 1844 Charles Barnard, England (UK)
• Safety match, 1844, Gustaf Erik Pasch, Sweden
• Modern portland cement, 1845, Joseph and William Aspdin, Isaac Charles Johnson, England (UK) (47)
• Rubber band, 1845, Stephen Perry, England (UK)
• Electric fire alarm, 1845, William Channing, USA
• Ether general anesthesia, 1842, 1846, Crawford W. Long, William Morton, USA
• Nitroglycerin, more powerful than black powder, 1846, Ascanio Sobrero, Italy
• Saxophone, 1846 patent, Antoine-Joseph Adolphe Sax, Belgium
• Metal cartridge bullet with percussion cap base, 1846, Houiller, France
• Hydraulic crane, 1846, William George Armstrong, England (UK)
• Printing telegraph, 1846, Royal Earl House, Jacob Brett, England (UK)
• Alarm clock, 1847, Antoine Redier, France
• Chloroform anesthetic, 1847, James Simpson, Scotland (UK)
• Donut, doughnut ring, 1847, Hanson Crockett Gregory, USA
• Steam powered pneumatic drill (jackhammer), 1848, Jonathan J. Couch, USA
• Dental chair with neck extension, 1848, Milton Waldo Hanchett, USA
• Kerosene, 1848, 1954, Abraham Gesner, Canada
• Chewing gum, 1848, John Curtis, USA
• Safety pin, 1849, Walter Hunt, NY, USA
• Dry cleaning, 1849, 1855, Jean-Baptiste Jolly, France
• Repeating rifle 1849, Walter Hunt, NY, USA
• Francis water turbine, 1849, James Francis, UK/USA (69)
• Successful ice making machine, 1850, James Harrison, Australia
• AC generator, 1850, Floris Nollet, Belgium
• Mechanical manual dishwasher, 1850, Joel Houghton, USA
• Trawler fishing, 1850, England (UK)
• Hypodermic syringe, all glass, 1851, Alexander Wood, UK (23)
• Yale cylinder lock, 1851, Linus Yale, USA
• Hydraulic jack, 1851, Richard Dudgeon, NY, USA
• Ophthalmoscope for eye examination, 1851, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmhotz, Germany
• Electric burglar alarm, 1851, 1853, Edwin T. Holmes, Augustus R. Pope, USA
• Lockstitch domestic sewing machine, 1851, Isaac Merritt Singer, USA
• Rubber boots, Wellington, 1852, Hiram Hutchinson, USA/ France
• Chemical vapor deposition, 1852, Robert Bunsen, Germany
• Passenger elevator safety brake, 1852, Elisha Otis, NY, USA
• Manned dirigible flight (steam powered airship), 1852, Henri Giffard, France
• Aspirin synthesized, acetylsalicylic acid, 1853, Charles Frederic Gerhardt, Germany
• Reinforced concrete, 1853, Francois Coignet, France
• Potato chips, 1853, George Crum, USA
• Naval periscope, 1854, Hippolyte Marié-Davy, France
• Button hole stitching machine, 1854, Charles Miller, USA
• Prism binoculars, 1854, Paolo Ignazio Pietro Porro, Italy
• Mechanical fax machine, pantelegraph, 1855, Giovanni Caselli, Italy
• Bunsen burner, 1855, Robert Wilhelm Bunsen, Germany
• Bessimer process steel, mass produced, Europe, 1855, Henry Bessimer, Scotland
• Colored photography, 1855, James Clerk Maxwell, Scotland
• Railway signal, 1856, William Robinson, USA
• Mauveine synthetic purple dye, 1856, William Henry Perkin, England (UK)
• Celluloid, (Parkesine), 1st plastic, 1856, 1869, Alexander Parkes, John Wesley Hyatt, England (UK)/USA (43)
  
• Oil refinery, 1840, 1856, James Miller Williams, Ignacy Łukasiewicz, James Young, Poland/Scotland (UK)/Canada (79)
• Commercial toilet paper, 1857, Joseph Gayetty, USA
• Military camouflage (khaki), 1857, UK
• Punch triangle can opener, 1858, Ezra J. Warner, USA
• Rotary washing machine, 1858, Hamilton Smith, USA
• Dust pan, 1858, T. E. McNeill, USA
• Gasoline, 1859, Thomas Midgley, USA
• Foghorn, 1859, Robert Foulis, Scotland (UK)/Canada
• Spectrometer, light analysis, 1859, Robert Bunsen, Gustav Kirchhoff, Germany
• Internal combustion engine, gas, 1859, Etienne Lenoir, France
• Lead acid battery, rechargeable, 1859, Gaston Plante, France
• Microphone, 1860, Johann Philipp Reis, Germany
• T-handled corkscrew, 1860, M.L. Byrne, USA
• Ski bindings, 1860, Sondre Nordheim, Norway
• Baseball cap with bill, 1860, Brooklyn Excelsiors, USA
• Linoleum flooring, 1860, Frederick Walton, UK
• Life board game, 1860, Reuben Klamer, Milton Bradley, USA
• Repeating (Henry) rifle, 1860, Benjamin Tyler Henry, USA
• Kinematoscope, 1861, Coleman Sellers, USA
• Twist drill, 1861, Stephen A. Morse, USA
• Single lens reflex (SLR) camera, 1861, Thomas Sutton, England (UK)
• Color photography, 1861, James Clerk Maxwell, photo taken by Thomas Sutton, England (UK)
• Ironclad ship, USS Monitor, 1862, John Ericcson, Sweden/USA
• Machine gun, 1862, Richard J. Gatling, USA
• Astronomical photography, 1862, Warren De la Rue, England (UK)
• Snellen eye test, 1862, Hermann Snellen, Netherlands
• Hematoxylin stain for cytology, 1862, Heinrich Wilhelm Gottfried von Waldeyer-Hartz, Germany
• Modern 4 wheeled roller skates, 1863, James Plimpton, US
• Metro subway, 1863, London, England
• Butterick tissue paper dress patterns, 1863, Ebeneezer and Ellen Butterick, USA
• Yale cylinder lock, 1863, Linus Yale, USA
• Continuous roll printing press, 1863, William A. Bullock, USA
• Centrifuge for separating cream from milk, 1864, Antonin Prandtl, Germany
• Modern whaling harpoon, 1864, Svend Foyn, Norway
• Torpedo, 1864, Giovanni Luppis, Robert Whitehead, Austria/England (UK)
• Breech loading Springfield Rifle, 1865, Springfield Armory MA, USA
• Indigo dye synthesized, 1865, Adolf von Baeyer, Germany
• Roller coaster, 1865, La Marcus Adna Thompson, (Coney Island) USA
• Urinal, 1866, Andrew Rankin, USA
• Tin can with opening key, 1866, J. Osterhoudt, USA
• Successful stapler, 1866, George W. McGill, USA
• Modern standardized typewriter, QWERTY keyboard, 1866, Christopher Latham Sholes, USA
• Modern clinical thermometer, 1866, Thomas Albutt, UK
• Folding ironing board, 1866, Sarah Mort, USA
• Dry cell alkaline battery, 1866, Georges Leclanche, France
• Pneumatic tire, 1867, Alfred Beach, USA
• Stock ticker, 1867, Edward A. Calahan (improved 1871 Thomas A. Edison), USA
• Reinforced concrete/cement, 1867, Joseph Monier, France
• Refrigerator rail car, 1867, William Davis, USA
• Paper clip, 1867, Samuel Fay, USA
• Dynamite, more powerful than black powder, 1867, Alfred Nobel, Sweden
• Pasteurization 1864,1867, Louis Pasteur, France(49)
• Trichrome color photo processing,1868, Louis Ducos du Hauron, France
• Spring tape measure, 1868, Alvin J. Fellows, USA
• Margarine, 1869, Hippolyte Mage-Mourias, France
• Offshore oil drill rig, 1869, Edwin Drake, USA
• Metal rim wire spoke adjustable wheels, 1869, Eugene Meyer, France
• Motorcycle, steam engine, 1869, Sylvester Howard Roper, USA
• Clothes hanger, 1869, Albert J. Parkhouse, USA
• Air brake, trains, 1869, George Westinghouse, USA
• Waffle iron, 1869, Cornelius Swartwout, USA
• Periodic table of Chemistry, 1869, 1871, Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev, Russia
• American football, 1869, Rutgers vs Princeton
• Flat bottom paper bag, 1870, Margaret Knight, USA
• Vaseline, petroleum jelly, 1870, 1872, Robert Chesebrough, USA
• Modern chewing gum, 1870, Thomas Adams, USA
• Cutting wheel can opener, 1870, William Lyman, USA
• Wind tunnel, 1871, Frank Wenham, UK
• Corrugated cardboard, 1871, Albert L. Jones, USA
• Combination lock, 1872, Joseph Lock, USA
• Compressed air percussion rock drill, 1871, Simon Ingersoll, US
• Asphalt, 1872, Edward de Smed, Belgium/USA
• Mail order catalog, 1872, Montgomery Ward, USA
• Automatic hay baling machine, 1872, Charles Withington, USA
• PVC polyvinyl chloride, 1872, Eugen Bauman, Germany
• Stainless steel, 1872, J. E. T. Woods, J. Clark, England
• Gold tooth crown, 1873, John Beers, USA
• Blue jeans, 1873, Levi Strauss, Jacob Davis, USA
• Winchester ‘73 rifle, 1873, USA
• Cable car, 1873, Andrew Smith Hallidie, USA
• DDT pesticide, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane,1874, Othmar Zeidler, Germany
• Practical modified barbed wire, 1874, Joseph Glidden, USA
• Automatic fire sprinkler, 1874, Henry S. Palmerlee, USA
• Electric dentist’s drill, 1875, George F. Green, USA
• Firearm magazine, 1875, Benjamin Hotchkiss, USA
• 4 stroke engine, highly successful internal combustion engine, 1876, Nicolaus Otto, Germany (17)
• Selenium solar cell, 1876, William Grylls Adams, Richard Evans Day, UK
• Telephone, 1876, Alexander Graham Bell, Elisha Gray, USA (15)
• Industrial research lab, 1876, Thomas Edison, Menlo Park, NJ, USA
• Loudspeaker, 1876, Alexander Graham Bell, Werner von Siemens, USA/Germany
• Practical pipe wrench, 1876, Daniel Stillson, USA
• Carpet sweeper, 1876, Melville Bissell, USA
• Broadloom carpet making machine, 1877, Erastus Brigham Bigelow, USA
• Hand crank washing machine, 1877, William Voss, USA
• Phonograph, 1877, Thomas Alva Edison, USA (88)
• Microphone, 1878, David E. Hughes, Emile Berliner, UK/USA/Germany
• Rebreather, diving 1878, Henry Albert Fleuss, England (UK)
• Cathode ray tube, 1878, William Crooks, England (UK)
• Audiphone, hearing aid, 1879, Richard Rhodes, USA
• Vaccine for cholera, first for bacterial infection,1879, Waldemar Mordecai Haffkine, Pasteur Institute, France
• Successful 2 stroke engine, 1879, Karl Benz, Germany
• Hybrid corn, 1879, James Beal, USA
• Mechanical cash register, 1879, James Ritty, USA
• Medical autoclave, 1879, Charles Chamberlain, France
• Saccharin, 1879, Ira Remsen, Constantin Fahlberg, USA/Germany
• Practical incandescent light bulb and filament, 1879, Thomas Alva Edison, USA (12)
• Modern seismograph, horizontal pendulum, 1880, John Milne, UK
• Dual lever winged corkscrew, 1880, William Burton Baker, UK
• Early ballpoint pen, 1880, Alonzo T. Cross, USA
• Life raft, 1880, Maria Beasley, England (UK)
• Cigarette rolling machine, 1880, James Albert Bonsack, USA
• Newborn incubator, 1880, Etienne Stéphane Tarnier, Odile Martin, France
• Spring loaded mousetrap, 1880, Hiram Stevens Maxim, USA/UK
• Ballcock, toilet device, 1880, Thomas Crapper, England (UK)
• Free jet water turbine (90% efficient), Pelton wheel, 1880, Lester Pelton, USA
• Safety razor, 1875, 1880, Frederick, Richard, Otto Kampfe brothers, Germany
• Modern otoscope, 1881, A. Hartmann, Germany
• Roll film for photography, 1881, David Houston, USA
• Steam-powered winch, or logging engine, 1881, John Dolbeer, USA
• Anthrax vaccine, 1881, Louis Pasteur, France
• Blowtorch, 1881, Carl Nyberg, Sweden
• Septic Tank, 1881, Jean-Louis Mouras, France
• AC induction motor, 1881, 1883, Nikola Tesla, USA (60)
• Rabies vaccine, 1882, Louis Pasteur, France
• Hydroelectric dam, 1882, Appleton, Wisconsin, USA
• Electric fan, 1882, Schuyler Skaats Wheeler, USA
• Electric iron, 1882, Henry W. Seely, USA
• Thermostat, 1882, Warren S. Johnson, USA
• Adding machine, 1883, William Seward Burroughs, USA
• Shoe lasting machine, mass production, 1883, Jan Matzeliger, USA
• Dissolvable pill, 1884, William Upjohn, USA
• Steam turbine (89% world electricity), 1884, Charles Parsons, England (UK)/Ireland (44)
• Smokeless gunpowder (3x more powerful), 1884, Paul Vieille, France
• Maxim recoil operated recoil ejection machine gun,1884, Hiram Maxim, England (USA born)
• Plastic photographic film, 1884, George Eastman, USA
• Practical fountain pen, 1884, Lewis Waterman, USA
• Peanut butter, 1884, Marcellus Gilmore Edson, Canada
• Steel girder skyscraper, 1884, William Le Baron Jenney, USA
• Linotype machine, type setting, 1884, Ottmar Mergenhaler, German/USA
• Rayon, 1884, Louis-Marie-Hilaire Bernigaud, Count of Chardonnet, France
• Punch card accounting, US census, 1884, Herman Hollerith, Germany/USA
• AC Transformer, 1884, Karoly Zipernowsky, Otto Blathy,Miksa Deri, Austria/Hungary
• Rubber women’s diaphragm for contraception, 1885, Wilhelm P.J. Mensinga, Germany
• Seat belt automobile, 1885, Edward J. Claghorn, USA
• Modern safety bicycle, 1885, John Kemp Starley, England (UK) (78)
• Gas motorcycle, 1885, Gottlieb Daimler, Wilhelm Maybach, Germany
• Electric arc welding, 1885, Nikolai Benardos,Stanislaus Olszewski, Russia/Poland
• French horn, 1885, Edmund Gumpert and Fritz Kruspe
• Typewriter ink ribbon, 1886, George K. Anderson, USA
• Electric dishwasher, 1886, Josephine Cochrane, USA
• Coca-Cola soft drink, 1886, John Pemberton, USA
• Graphophone cylinder sound recorder, 1886, Charles Sumner Tainter, USA
• Automobile, gas powered car 2 stroke engine, 1886, Karl Benz, Germany (17)
• Zinc-carbon dry cell battery, 1886, Carl Gassner, Germany
• Aluminum production commercial, 1886, Charles Martin and Julia Hall, Paul Heroult, USA/France (57)
• Lever action Winchester rifle, 1887, John Moses Browning, USA
• Contact lenses, 1887, Adolf Fick, Germany
• Shellac (wax) compounds for phonograph records, 1887, Emile Berliner, USA
• Bayer process for aluminum, 1887, Carl Josef Bayer, Austria
• Inboard motor boat, 1887, Gottlieb Daimler, Wilhelm Maybach, Germany
• Pneumatic rubber tire, 1887, John Boyd Dunlop, Scotland (UK)
• Gramophone disc phonograph recorder, 1887, Emile Berliner, Germany/USA
• Ceiling electric fan, 1887, Philip Diehl, USA
• Wind turbine for electricity, 1888 Charles Brush, James Blyth, Cleveland, OH, USA
• Radio waves produced, 1888, Heinrich Hertz, Germany (3)
• Paper drinking straw, 1888, Marvin Stone, USA
• Deodorant, Mum 1888, Edna Murphy, USA
• Electric chair, 1888, 1890, Harold P. Brown, Arthur E. Kennelly, USA
• Successful, revolving door, 1888, Theophilus von Kannel, USA
• Push button film camera, 1888, George Eastman (Kodak), USA
• Kinetoscope, motion pictures, 1888, 1891, Thomas Alva Edison, William Dickson, USA
• Vending machine, 1888, Thomas Adams, USA
• Dictating machine, 1888, Thomas Alva Edison, USA
• AC electric power, 1888, Nikola Tesla, USA
• Electric speedometer, 1888, Josip Belusic, Croatia
• Jukebox, 1889, Louis Glass, USA
• Automatic storage water heater, 1889, Edwin Ruud, USA
• Coin operated telephone, 1889, William Gray, USA
• Brassiere, 1889, Herminie Cadolle, France
• Clutch, 1889, Gottlieb Daimler, Wilhelm Maybach, Germany
• Cylindrical grain silo, 1889, Franklin Hiram King, USA
• Automobile gears, 1889, Karl Benz, Germany
• Throttle/accelerator, 1890, Karl Benz, Germany
• Blow dry hair dryer, 1890, Alexandre Godefroy, France
• Slot machine, 1890, Charles Fey, USA
• Fuse, 1890, Thomas Alva Edison, USA
• Tetanus and diphtheria vaccines, 1890, Emil von Behring, Germany
• Tuberculin, PPD, skin test for tuberculosis, 1890, Robert Koch, Germany
• Lawn sprinkler, 1890, Joseph Oswald, USA
• Pneumatic (compressed air) hammer, 1890, Charles Brady King, USA
• Tabulating machine, 1890, Herman Hollerith, USA
• Spark ignition, 1890, Karl Benz, Germany
• Sewage treatment facility, 1890, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
• Motion picture camera, 1891, Thomas Edison, William KL Dickson, USA
• Swiss army knife, 1891, Karl Elsener, Switzerland
• Tire air valve, 1891, August Schrader, USA
• Thermal cracking of oil, improved refining, 1891, Vladimir Shukhov, Russia
• Tesla coil, electrical transformer AC circuit, 1891, Nikola Tesla, USA
• Basketball, 1891, James Naismith, Springfield, Mass, USA
• Escalator, 1892, Jesse Reno, Coney Island, NY, USA
• Book matches, 1892, Diamond Match Co., USA
• Fingerprinting, 1892, Juan Vucetich, Argentina
• Bottle cap with cork seal, 1892, William Painter, USA
• Animation, 1892, Emile Reynaud, France
• Vacuum flask, 1892, James Dewar, Scotland (UK)
• Modern toothpaste and toothpaste tube, 1892, Washington Wentworth Sheffield, USA
• Rubber soled shoes, 1892, Humphrey O’Sullivan, USA
• Electric stove 1892, 1896, William Hadaway, USA
• Gasoline powered tractor, 1892, John Froehlich, USA
• Electric toaster, 1893, Crompton Co., UK
• Shoulder replacement surgery, platinum and rubber, 1893, Jules Emile Pean, France
• Ferris wheel, 1893, George Ferris, USA{
• Bulletproof vest with silk fabric, 1893, Casimir Zeglan, USA
• Carburetor, 1893, Donat Banki, Janos Csonka, Hungary
• Zipper, 1893, Whitcomb Judson, USA
• Diesel engine (compression ignition), 1893, 1895, Rudolf Diesel, Germany
• Portable sewing machine 1893, Singer, USA
• Modern prism binoculars, 1894, Carl Zeiss, Germany
• Breakfast cereal flakes, 1894, John Harvey Kellogg, USA
• Radio, 1895, Guglielmo Marconi, (Tesla), Italy (6)
  
• Radiographic imaging, 1895, Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen, Germany (59)
  
• Film camera/projector, 1895, Auguste and Louis Lumiere, France (37)
  
• Movie theater, 1895, Auguste and Louis Lumiere, France (37)
• Glass blowing machine, 1895, Michael Owens, USA
• Disposable safety razor, 1895, King Camp Gillette, USA
• Milking machine, 1895, Thistle company, Scotland (UK)
• Light bulb socket with a pull chain switch, 1896, Harvey Hubbell, USA
• Practical sphygmomanometer, 1896, Scipione Riva-Rocci, Italy
• Flashlight, 1896, David Misell, UK
• Typhoid fever vaccine, 1896, Almroth Edward Wright, UK
• Street sweeping machine truck, 1896, Charles B. Brooks, USA
• Jello gelatin, 1897, Pearl Wait, US
• Pencil sharpener, 1897, J. L. Love, USA
• Pump action repeating shotgun, 1897, John Moses Browning, USA
• Magnetic recording answering machine, telephone, 1898, Valdemar Poulsen, Denmark
• Hairbrush, 1898, Lyda D. Newman, USA
• Remote radio control, 1898, Nikola Tesla, USA
• Polyethylene (#1 plastic), 1898, Hans von Pechmann, Germany (43)
• Rotator cuff tendon repair shoulder, 1898, Wilhelm Müller, Germany
• Powered hearing aid, 1898, Miller Reese Hutchison, USA
• Mass spectrometry, positive ions can be deflected by magnetic fields, the amount of deflection is proportional to the mass-
• to-charge ratio., 1898, Wilhelm Wien, Germany
• Rubber heel for shoes/boots, 1899, Humphrey O’Sullivan, USA
• Paperclip, 1899, Johan Vaaler, Norway
• Nickel-cadmium rechargeable battery (NiFe, NiCd, AgCd batteries), 1899, Waldemar Jungner, Sweden
• Steering wheel, 1899, Alexander Winton, Scotland/USA
• Amplitude modulation AM radio, 1900, Reginald Aubrey Fessenden, Canada/USA
• Push pin, 1900, Edwin Moore, US
• Brownie portable camera, 1900, Frank Brownell (Kodak), USA
• Radiation therapy for cancer, 1896, 1901, Emil Herman Grubbe, Germany
• Gas tractor, 1901, 1904, Benjamin Holt (Caterpillar), USA
• Instant coffee, Sanka, 1901, Satori Kato, Japan/USA
• Cartier wrist watch, 1901, Louis Cartier, France
• Flame thrower, 1901, Richard Fieldler, Germany
• Toy electric train, 1901, Joshua Lionel Cowen, USA
• Electric vacuum cleaner, 1901, Hubert Cecil Booth, David T. Kenney, England/USA
• Disposable razor blade, 1901, King Camp Gillette, USA
• Engine powered industrial vacuum cleaner, horse drawn with tubes, 1901, Cecil Booth, UK
• Laparoscope, 1901, Georg Kelling, Germany
• Commercial air conditioner, 1902, Willis Carrier, USA (50)
• Submarine periscope, 1902, Simon Lake improved by Howard Grubb, UK
• Gun silencer, 1902, Hiram Percy Maxim, USA
• Drum brake, 1902, Louis Renault, France
• Disk brake, 1902, Frederick William Lanchester, England (UK)
• Ceramic spark plug, 1902, Gottlob Honold, Germany
• Teddy bear, 1902, Morris and Rose Michtom, USA
• Monopoly board game, 1902, Elizabeth Magie, USA
• Chromatography, 1903, Mikhail Semyonovich Tsvet, Russia/Italy
• Metal frame clothes hanger, wire, 1903, Albert J. Parkhouse, USA
• Wax crayon, 1903, Edwin Binney, C. Harold Smith, USA
• Acetylene O2 torch welding, 1903, Edmond Fouche, Charles Picard, France (77)
• Laminated glass, 1903, Edouard Benedictus, France
• Windshield wiper, 1903, Mary Anderson, USA
• Tea bag, 1903, 1907, Thomas Sullivan, USA
• Concrete dam, 1903, Nils F. Ambursen, USA
• Automatic glass bottle making machine, 1903, Michael Joseph Owens, USA
• Electrocardiogram (EKG) machine, 1903, Willem Einthoven, Netherlands
• Gas turbine, 1903, Aegidius Elling, Norway
• Powered, controlled airplane, 1903, Wright Brothers, Kitty Hawk, NC, USA (26)
• Answering machine, 1904, Valdemar Poulsen, Denmark
• Silicone, 1904, Frederic Stanley Kipping, UK
• Automatic transmission, 1904, Thomas L. Sturtevant, USA
• RADAR, 1904, Christian Haismeyer, Germany
• Drinking fountain, 1905, 1912, Luther Haws, Halsey W. Taylor, US
• U-boat, 1905, Germany
• Decaffeinated coffee, 1905, Ludwig Roselius, Germany
• Barium sulfate for x-ray contrast, 1905, USA/Germany
• Intelligence testing, 1905, Alfred Binet, Theodore Simon, France
• Bicycle derailleur gears, 1905, Paul de Vivie, France
• Fisheye wide angle lens, 1906, Robert F. Wood, USA
• Food irradiation, 1906, Appleby and Banks, UK
• Chromatography, 1906, Mikail Tswett, Switzerland/Russia
• SONAR, sound navigation and ranging, 1906, Lewis Nixon, USA
• Electric turn signals, 1907, Percy Seymour Hamilton, UK
• Quadricopter, 1907, Jacques and Louis Breguet, Charles Richet, France
• Smokestack pollution scrubber, electrostatic smoke precipitator, 1907, Frederick Gardner Cottrell, USA
• Arsphenamine, chemotherapy for syphilis, 1907 Alfred Bertheim, Paul Erlich, Germany
• Arsphenamine for African trypanosomiasis, sleeping sickness, 1907, Wilhelm Roehl, Paul Erlich, Germany
• Synthetic sapphire, 1907, Hrand Djevahirdjian, Switzerland
• Bakelite plastic, synthetic shellac, 1907, Leo Hendrik Baekeland, Belgium/USA (43)
• Crescent wrench, 1907, Johan Petter Johansson, Sweden
• Synthetic detergent, 1907, Fritz Henkel, Germany
• Continuous caterpillar tracks, self lubricating, 1907, David Roberts, UK
• Washing machine, electric , 1907, Alva J. Fisher, USA
• Electric mixer, 1908, Herbert Johnson, USA
• Geiger counter, 1908, 1911, Hans Geiger, Germany
• Gyrocompass, 1908, Hermann Anschütz-Kaempfe, Germany
• Cellophane, 1908, Jacques E. Brandenberger, Switzerland
• Practical outboard motor, 1908, Ole Evinrude, Norway/USA
• Hoover vacuum cleaner, 1907, 1908, James Spangler, William Henry Hoover, USA
• Drip coffee maker, coffee filter 1908, Melitta Bentz, Germany
• Model T, 1908, Henry Ford, USA
• IUD intrauterine device contraceptive, 1909, Richard Richter, Germany
• Commercially successful toaster, 1909, Frank Shailor, GE, USA
• Haber-Bosch process for nitrogen (ammonia) fixation, 1909 Fritz Haber, Karl Bosch, Germany (46)
• Rayon, artificial silk, 1910, American Viscose Co., USA
• Synthetic rubber, 1910, Sergey Lebedev, Karl Harris, Russia
• Laparoscopy, 1910, Hans Christian Jacobaeus, Sweden
• Aluminum foil, 1910, J.G. Neher and Sons, Switzerland
• Dial combination lock safe, 1910, John Junkunc, USA
• Infrared photography, 1910, Robert W. Wood, USA
• Depth charge, explosive, 1910, Herbert Taylor, England, UK
• Safety match (nontoxic), 1910, John Walker, UK
• Geothermal power plant, 1904, Piero Ginori Conti, Italy
• Electronic ignition starter motor, 1911, Charles F. Kettering, USA
• Knapsack portable parachute for pilots, 1911, Gleb Kotelnikov, Russia
• Hydroplane seaplane, Hydravion, 1911, Henri Fabre, France
• Latex rubber condom contraception, 1912, Julius Fromm, Poland/Germany
• Electric siren, 1912, Harry C. Heath, USA
• X-ray crystallography, 1912, Max von Laue, Paul Ewald, Germany
• Formica laminate, 1912, Daniel J. O’Conor, Herbert A. Faber, USA
• Phenobarbital anti seizure medicine, 1912, Emil Fischer, Germany
• Isoniazid for tuberculosis, 1912, Meyer and Malley, Czechoslovakia
• Conveyor belt, 1913, Henry Ford, USA
• Ramjet engine, 1913, Rene Lorin, France
• Zipper, 1913, Elias Howe, USA
• Stainless steel, 1913, Harry Brearley, UK (28)
• Modern gas mask, 1914, Garrett Morgan, USA
• Non-skid tire pattern, 1914, Stacy G. Carkhuff, USA
• Liquid fueled rocket, 1914,1926, Robert H. Goddard, USA
• Traffic light, 1914, Garrett Morgan, Cleveland, USA
• Flame thrower, 1901, 1915, Richard Fiedler, Germany
• Mustard gas, 1915, Fritz Haber, Germany
• Tank, 1915, Walter Wilson, William Tritton, Gegene Brille, England/France
• Pyrex, boron glass 1915, William C. Taylor, Eugene Sullivan, Corning, USA
• Machine gun through propeller airplane, 1915, Roland Garros, Anton Fokker, France/German
• Automatic pilot, gyrostabilizer, 1915, Lawrence and Elmer Sperry, USA
• Lipstick, tube, 1915, Maurice Levy, USA
• Gas mask, 1915, Nikolay Zelinsky, Russia
• SONAR, sound navigation and ranging,1915, Paul Langevin, France
• Stopwatch (1/100 sec), 1916, TAG Heuer, Switzerland
• Tungsten light bulb filament,1916, Irving Langmuir, USA
• Heparin blood thinner, anticoagulant, 1916, Jay McLean, William Henry Howell, USA
• X-ray tube, 1916, William D. Coolidge, USA
• Coleman lantern, 1916, William Coffin Coleman, USA
• Electric drill, 1916, Black and Decker, USA
• Browning automatic 1917/19, 1917, John Moses Browning, USA
• Hybrid corn, 1917, Donald F. Jones, USA
• Radio controlled drone, 1917, Ruston Proctor Aerial Target, Nikola Tesla, Archibald Montgomery Low, USA/UK
• Submachine gun, MP 18.1, 1918, Theodor Bergmann, Germany
• Mass spectrometer, 1918, Arthur J. Dempster, Francis Aston, USA
• Hydraulic brake, 1918, Malcolm Lougheed, USA
• Motor scooter, 1919, Greville Bradshaw, UK
• Rotary dial telephone, 1891, 1919, Almon Brown Strowger, USA
• Pop up toaster, 1919, 1926, Charles Strite, USA
• AM standard radio receiver, 1919, Edwin Howard Armstrong, USA
• Knee arthroscopy, 1919, Kenji Takagi, Japan
• Mobile home, 1919, Glenn H. Curtiss, USA

8)  wireless era  1920-1989

 Radio wave wireless communication began commercially in 1920.  Wireless radio waves began with radio, then television, and later with cellular phones.

• Commercial radio, KDKA, 1920, 1924, Pittsburgh, USA (6)
• Snap on socket wrench, 1920, Joseph Johnson, William Seidemann, USA
• Tommy gun, 45mm, 1920, John Thompson, USA
• Blow dryer 1920, Racine Univer. Motor Co., Hamilton Beach Co., USA
• Kiss proof lipstick, 1920, Preston Sturges, USA
• Stable quadricoptor, 1920, Etienne Omnichen, France
• Isopropyl alcohol, 1920, Standard Oil Company, USA
• Allen hex head wrench,1920, Edigio Brugola, William G. Allen, Italy/USA
• Geothermal power plant, 1921, John D. Grant, California, USA
• Epidural anesthesia, 1921, Fidel Pages, Spain
• Browning M2 50 caliber machine gun, 1921, John Moses Browning, USA
• BCG tuberculosis vaccine, Albert Calmette, Camille Guerin, France
• 3 point trailer linkage, 1920, Harry Ferguson, UK
• Band aid, adhesive bandage, 1921, Earle Dickson, USA
• Polygraph lie detector, 1921, John Augustus Larson, USA
• Snowmobile, 1922, Joseph-Armand Bombardier, Canada
• Refrigerator, 1922 Baltzar von Platen, Carl Munters, Sweden
• Technicolor, 1922, Herbert Kalmus, USA
• 1st genuine purpose built aircraft carrier, Hosho, 1922, Japan
• Waterski, 1922, Ralph Samuelson, USA
• Blender, 1922, Stephen Poplawski, USA
• Cotton swabs, Q tips, 1923, Leo Gerstenzang, USA
• Electric shaver, 1923, Jacob Schick, USA
• Talkies, film sound, 1923, Lee DeForest, USA
• Self winding watch, 1923, John Harwood, Switzerland
• Adhesive tape, 1923, Richard G. Drew, USA
• Bulldozer, 1923, James Cummings, USA
• Automatic traffic lights, 1923, Garrett Morgan, USA
• Power steering, 1923, 1926, Francis W. Davis, George Jessup, USA
• Wind tunnel, 1923, Max Munk, Germany/USA
• EEG electroencephalogram, 1924, Hans Berger, Germany
• Facial tissue, disposable, 1924, Kimberly-Clark Co., USA
• Loudspeaker, 1924, Chester W. Rice, Edward W. Kellogg, USA
• Carpal tunnel release surgery, wrist, 1924, Herbert Galloway, Canada
• Flash frozen food, 1924, Clarence Birdseye, USA
• Ultracentrifuge, 1924, Theodor Svedberg, Sweden
• Cheese slicer, ostehovel, 1925, Thor Bjorklund, Norway
• Microfilm for records, 1925, George McCarthy, USA
• Tetanus toxoid vaccine, 1925, Alexander Thomas Glenny et al., UK
• Leica 35 mm camera, 1925, Oskar Barnack, Germany
• Vinyl, PVC, polyvinyl chloride, 1926, Waldo Lonsbury Semon, USA
• Liquid fueled rocket engine, 1926, Robert Hutchins Goddard, USA
• Tri-motor all metal airplane, 1926, William Stout, USA
• Yagi-Uda antenna, 1926, Hidetsugu Yagi, Shintaro Uda, Japan
• Eureka boat amphibious landing craft, 1926, Andrew Higgins, USA
• Fluorescent lamp, 1926, Edmund Germer, Germany
• Aerosol spray can, 1926, Erik Rotholm, Norway
• Superalloy, Al-Ni-Cr, 1926, Paul Dyer Merica, USA
• Car radio, 1926, William P. Lear, USA
• Enigma machine, 1926, Arthur Scherbius, Germany
• Metal foam 1926, John C. Elliott, USA
• Vaccine for whooping cough, pertussis, 1926, Leila Denmark, USA
• Television patent, first TV image transmission, 1927, Philo T. Farnsworth, USA(29)
• Kool-Aid soft drink, 1927, Edwin E. Perkins, USA
• Levothyroxine for hypothyroidism, 1927, Charles Robert Harington, George Barger, UK
• Adjustable temperature electric iron, pure silver thermostat, 1927, Joseph Myers, USA
• Commercial wind turbines for electricity, 1927, Marcellus and Joe Jacobs, USA
• Garbage disposal, “electric pig”, 1927, John W. Hammes, USA
• Diphtheria toxoid vaccine, 1927, Alexander Thomas Glenny et al., UK
• Chain saw, 1927, Andreas Stihl, Switzerland/Germany
• Iron lung respirator, 1927, Philip Drinker, Louis Agassiz Shaw, USA
• Quartz clock, 1927, Warren Marrison and J.W. Horton (Bell Labs), USA
• Rocket car, 200 km/hr, 1928, Fritz von Opel, Germany
• Fathometer, used to measure underwater depth, 1928, Herbert Grove Dorsey, USA
• Bread slicing machine, 1928, Otto Frederick Rohwedder, USA
• Inflatable life preserver, 1928, Peter Markus, USA
• Sound synchronized animation, 1928, Walt Disney, USA
• Penicillin, 1928, Alexander Fleming, Scotland (19)
• Electric razor, 1928, Jacob Schick, USA
• Electric refrigerator, 1928, Fred W. Wolfe, USA
• Freon, chlorofluorocarbons,refrigerants, air conditioners, 1928, Thomas Midgley, Jr., USA
• Bathysphere, 1928, Otis Barton, USA
• Metal detector, 1928, Gerhard Fisher, Germany/USA
• Audio tape recorder, 1928, Fritz Pfleumer, Germany
• Color television, 1928, John Logie Baird, UK (29)
• Cardiac pacemaker, 1928, Mark Lidwell, Australia
• Foam rubber, 1929, E. A. Murphy, Dunlop Latex Development Lab, UK
• Cyclotron particle accelerator 1929, 1934, Ernest Orlando Lawrence, USA
• Polarizing filter, 1929, Edwin Land, USA
• Automatic pilot used on an airliner, 1929, William Green, USA
• Airplane, anti lock brakes, 1929, Gabriel Voisin, France
• EEG, electroencephalogram, 1929, Hans Berger, Germany
• Jet engine, 1928, 1937, Frank Whittle, UK (33)
• Phase contrast microscope, 1930, Frits Zernike, Netherlands
• Commercial electric dishwasher, 1930, Walker Brothers, Hotpoint, USA
• Scotch tape, 1930, Richard Drew (3M), USA
• Digoxin, Lanoxin, heart medication, 1930, William Withering, UK
• Neoprene, 1930, Elmer K. Bolton, Wallace Carothers, Dupont, USA
• Electronic pH meter, 1930, Arnold Beckman, USA
• Sex reassignment surgery, 1930, Magnus Hirschfeld, Germany
• Supermarket, 1930, Michael Cullin, USA
• Flashbulb for photography, 1930, Johann Ostermeyer, Germany
• Cotton tampon, 1930, Earle Cleveland Haas, USA
• Miniature golf, 1930, Garnet Carter, USA
• Stereophonic sound recording, 1931, Alan Dower, Blumlein, UK
• Pop rivet, blind rivet, 1928, 1931, Louis Huck, USA (90)
• Radio telescope, 1931, Karle Guthe Jansky, Bell labs, USA
• Electron microscope, 1931, 1933, Ernst Ruska, Germany
• Electric can opener, 1931, Preston West, USA
• Xenon flash lamp high-speed, photography, 1931, Harold E. Edgerton, MIT, USA
• Paper towel, 1931, Arthur Scott, USA
• Electric guitar, 1931, Adolph Rickenbacker, USA
• Aerogel (frozen smoke),1931, Steven S. Kistler, USA
• Breathalyzer, 1931, Rolla Neil Harger, IU, USA
• Stereo sound, 2 channel sound 1931, Alan Blumlein, UK
• Electronic bug zapper, 1932, William M. Frost, William Broderick Herms, USA
• Camera exposure meter, 1932, William Nelson Goodwin, USA
• Parking meter, 1932, Carl C. Magee, USA
• EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, chelates avoid plant metal deficiencies, 1951, Ferdinand Munz, Germany
• Zippo lighter, 1932, George Blaisdell, USA
• Folding wheelchair, 1932, Harry Jennings, USA
• Sodium thiopental anesthetic,1932, Ernest H. Volwiler, Donalee L. Tabern, Abbott labs, US
• Shape memory alloys of gold-cadmium, 1932, Arne Olander, Sweden
• Vinyl phonograph record, 1932, RCA Victor, USA
• PVDC polyvinylidene chloride, Saran wrap, 1932, Ralph Wiley, USA
• Insulin shock therapy, 1933, Manfred Sakel, Austria
• Boeing 247, first commercial airliner, 1933, USA
• Streptokinase blood clot dissolving enzyme, 1933, Sol Sherry, William S. Tillett, USA
• Paper milk carton, 1933, John van Wormer, USA
• FM radio, 1933, Edwin H. Armstrong, USA (3)
• Plexiglass, 1933, Otto Rohm, Germany
• Beverage can, 1933, American Can Co., USA
• Electric washing machine to wash, rinse, and extract water, 1934, John W. Chamberlain, USA
• Monopoly board game, 1934, Charles B. Darrow, USA
• Cat’s eyes, 1934, Percy Shaw, England, UK
• Phillips head screw, 1934, Henry F. Phillips, USA
• Run flat tires, 1934, Michelin, France
• Trampoline, 1934, George Nissen, USA
• Fluorescent light, 1934,1938, Arthur Compton, USA
• Electric steam iron, 1934, Max Skolnik, USA
• Laundromat, 1934, J.F. Cantrell, USA
• Beer in a can, 1935, Kruger Brewing Co., USA
• RADAR, radio detection and ranging, 1935, Robert Watson-Watt, Scotland, UK (3)
• Synthetic laundry detergent, FEWA, 1935, Heinrich Bertsch, Germany
• Color television, 1935, Peter Carl Goldmark, Hungary/USA
• Recording tape, 1935, Eduard Schuller, Germany
• Yellow fever vaccine, 1935, Max Theiler, South Africa
• Solar powered house, 1935, Maria Telkes, Hungary/USA
• Richter scale, 1935, Charles Francis Richter, Beno Gutenberg, USA
• Bass guitar, 1935, Paul Tutmarc, Seattle WA, USA
• Gyroscope rocket, 2 axis controls, 1935, Robert H. Goddard, USA
• Clothes dryer, 1935, J. Ross Moore, USA
• Synthetic emerald, 1935, Carroll Chatham, USA
• Spectrophotometer, 1935, Arthur Hardy, USA
• Electric pH meter, 1935, Arnold Beckman, USA
• Polyethylene, 1935, Eric Fawcett, Reginald Gibson, UK
• Nylon, 1935, 1937 Wallace Carothers (DuPont), USA
• Epoxy resin adhesive, 1936, Pierre Castan, Sylvan Greenlee, Switzerland/USA
• Hydrocortisone synthesized for rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation, 1936, Percy Lavon Julian, USA
• Screw-on bottle cap, 1936, Edward Ravenscroft, USA
• Ski lift, 1936, Jim Curran, USA
• FM detector circuit, Dudley E. Foster, Stuart William Seeley, USA
• Disposable diapers, 1936, Paulistrom Bruk, Marion O’Brien Donovan, USA
• Suntan lotion, sunscreen, 1936, Eugene Schueller, France
• Scanning electron microscope, 1937, 1981, Manfred Von Ardenne, Germany
• Biodiesel, 1937, G. Chavanne, Belgium
• Polyurethane, 1937, Otto Bayer, Germany
• Metal detector, 1937, Gerhard Fisher, Germany/USA
• Baby monitor, 1937, Eugene F. McDonald, USA
• ECT electroconvulsive therapy, 1937, Ugo Cerletti, Lucio Bini, Italy
• Photocopying (xerography), 1937, Chester F. Carlson, USA
• Shopping cart, 1937, Sylvan Goldman, USA
• Blood bank, 1937, Charles Richard Drew, Bernard Fantus, Chicago, USA  (51)
• Fiberglass, 1938, Russell Games Slayter, John Thomas, Owen Corning, USA
• Volkswagen beetle, 1938, Ferdinand Porsche, Germany
• Ballistic missile, 1938, Walter Dornberger, Germany
• Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene), 1938, Roy Plunkett, USA
• Non reflective glass, 1938, Katherine Blodgett, USA
• Walkie-talkie, 1938, Alfred J. Gross, USA
• Nuclear fission of heavy nuclei, uranium, thorium, 1938, Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner, Fritz Straussmann,
• Germany/Austria (30)
• Nuclear magnetic resonance, 1938, Isidor Isaac Rabi, USA
• Practical ballpoint pen, 1938, Lazio and Georg Biro, Hungary
• Surround sound, 1938, Walt Disney, USA
• Jet flight, 1939, Siegfried and Walter Günter, Germany (33)
• Production single rotor helicopter, 1939, Igor Sikorsky, USSR/USA
• Complex number calculator, 1939, George Robert Stibitz, USA
• Practical cloud seeding, 1939, Bergeron, Sweden
• Polyester, Dacron, 1939, 1945, John Whinfield and James Dickson, England, UK (97)
• Night vision goggles, 1939, William Spicer, USA
• Automobile air conditioner, Packard, 1939, Bishop and Babcock, USA
• FM radio receiver, 1939, Edwin Howard Armstrong, USA
• Household room air conditioner, 1939, Willis Carrier, USA (50)
• Commercial television, 1939, World’s fair, NY, Philo Farnsworth, John Logie Baird, USA/UK (29)
• Total hip replacement, 1940, Austin Moore, USA
• JEEP, 1940, Karl Pabst, USA
• Carbon-14, 1940, Martin Kamen, UC Berkeley, USA
• Gasoline powered lawn mower, 1940, Leonard Goodall, USA
• Compact magnetron for RADAR airplane navigation, 1940, John Randall, Harry Boot, UK
• Duct tape, 1940, Vesta Stoudt, USA
• Silicone rubber, 1940, Eugene Rochow, GE, USA
• DDT dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, pesticide, 1940, Paul Hermann Muller, Switzerland
• Bombe, Universal Turing machine (Enigma breaker), 1940, Alan Turing, Harold Keen, UK
• Latex paint, 1941, Sherwin Williams, USA (92)
• Benzyl penicillin production, 1st penicillin, 1941, Norman Heatley, UK
• Digital electronic computer, 1941, Konrad Zuse, Germany
• Fluid catalytic cracking, modern oil refining, 1942, Donald L. Campbell, Standard Oil, USA
• Bazooka, 1942, Clarence Hickman, Edward Uhl, Leslie Skinner, USA
• Superglue, cyanoacrylate, 1942, Harry Coover, USA
• Napalm, 1942, Louis Feiser, Harvard U., USA
• Bouncing dam busting bomb, 1942, Barnes Neville Wallis, UK
• Nuclear fission chain reactor, 1942, Enrico Fermi, University of Chicago, USA
• V-2 rocket, guided missile, 1942, Wernher von Braun, Germany (32)
• Kidney hemodialysis, 1943, Willem J. Kolff, Netherlands
• Aqualung, SCUBA gear, 1943, Jacques Cousteau, Emile Gagnan, France
• Assault rifle, 1944, Hugo Schmeisser, Germany
• Disposable urinary catheter, 1944, David S. Sheridan, USA
• Color picture tube for TV, 1944, John Logie Baird, Scotland (UK) (29)
• V-1 guided flying bombs “doodlebugs”, 1944, Robert Lisserr, Germany
• Compact magnetron for airplane radar navigation, 1945, John Randall, Harry Boot, UK
• Cruise control, 1945, Ralph Teetor, USA
• Sofa sleeper bed, 1945, Bernard Castro, USA
• Microwave oven, 1945, Percy L. Spencer, USA (89)
• Uranium, Little Boy, gun type fission bomb, 1945, J. Robert Oppenheimer et al., USA (30)
  
• Plutonium, Fat Man, implosion type fission bomb, 1945, J. Robert Oppenheimer et al., USA (30)
• Electronic synthesizer, music, 1945, Hugh Le Caine, Canada
• Air cushioned shoe sole, Doc Martens, 1945, Klaus Maertens, Germany
• Citizens’ band (CB) radio, 1945, Alfred J. Gross, USA
• Synchrotron, particle accelerator, 1945, Edwin McMillan, Vladamir Vekster, USA/USSR
• Lidocaine (Xylocaine) local anesthesia, 1943, 1946, Nils Lofgren, Sweden
• Bikini, 1946, Louis Racard, France
• Radial tires, 1946, Michelin, France
• Tupperware, 1946, Earl Tupper, USA
• Chemotherapy (nitrogen mustard) for cancer, 1946, Alfred Gilman, Louis S. Goodman, USA
• Primaquine for malaria prevention and treatment, 1946, Robert Elderfield, USA
• Chloroquine for malaria prevention and treatment, 1934, 1946, Hans Andersag, Germany
• Freeze dried foods, 1946, Earl W. Flosdorf, USA
• Credit card, 1946, 1950, Diner’s club, Frank McNamara, Ralph Schneider, USA (53)
• B&W Polaroid instant photograph, 60 second, 1946, 1947, Edwin Herbert Land, USA
• B36 nuclear bomber “Peacemaker”, 1946, USA
• Round baler for hay, Roto-Baler, 1947, Ummo Luebben, Allis-Chalmers, USA
• Acrylic paint, 1947, Leonard Bocour, Sam Golden, USA
• Cat litter, 1947, Edward Lowe, USA
• Fracking, 1947, Floyd Farris, J.B. Clark (Standard Oil) USA
• ICBM intercontinental ballistic missile, 1947, USA
• Vacuum thermoforming, 1947, G.W. Borkland, USA
• Methotrexate immunosuppression medicine, 1947, Sidney Farber, USA
• AK 47 assault rifle, 1947, Mikhail Kalashnikov, USSR
• Automatic top loading washing machine, 1947, Sears/1900 Co., USA
• Successful cardiac defibrillation, 1947, Claude Beck, USA
• Supersonic airplane, 1947, US Air Force, USA
• Multitrack audio recording, 1947, Les Paul, USA
• Transistor, 1947, John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, William Shockley (Bell labs), USA (21)
• Atomic clock, 1948, Louis Essen, UK
• Weather radar, 1948, David Atlas, USA
• Electric guitar, 1948, Leo Fender, USA
• Cable television, 1948, John Watson, USA
• Automatic electric hand dryer, 1948, George Clemens, USA
• Velcro, 1948, George de Mestral, Switzerland
• Warfarin, rat poison, blood anticoagulant, Coumadin, 1948, Karl Paul Link, Mark A. Stahmann, USA
• Lithium for manic depression, 1948, John Cade, Australia
• BOS basic oxygen steel (60% of global steel), 1948, Robert Durrer, Switzerland
• Acetaminophen (Tylenol), 1948, Julius Axelrod, Bernard Brodie, USA
• LP (33 ⅓ long playing) record, 45 minutes, 1948, Peter Carl Goldmark, USA
• Holography 1948, Dennis Gabor, Hungary
• Zebco spincast fishing reel, 1949, R. D. Hull, USA
• Oral and IV electrolyte rehydration solutions for infantile diarrhea, 1949, Daniel C. Darrow, Harold Harrison, USA
• Succinylcholine use as muscle relaxant for paralysis, 1949, Daniel Bovet, Italy
• Artificial intraocular lens, 1949, Harold Ridley, UK
• Silly Putty, silicone oil with boric acid, 1949, James Wright GE, USA
• Lego brick, 1949, 1958, Ole Kirk Christiansen, Denmark
• Pager, 1949, Alfred J. Gross, USA
• Neomycin topical antibiotic, 1949, Selman Waksman, Hubert Lechevalier, USA
• Mechanical ventilator, 1949, John Emerson, USA
• Aerosol paint, 1949, Ed Seymour, USA
• Zamboni ice surfacing machine, 1949, Frank J. Zamboni, USA
• Holter monitor, 1949, Norman Jefferis Holter, USA
• Crash test dummy, 1949, Samuel Alderson, USA
• Portable chainsaw, 1949, Robert Paxton McCullough, USA
• Remote control, television, 1950, Robert Adler, Zenith, USA
• Nystatin, Mycostatin, antifungal medication, 1950, Rachel Fuller Brown, Elizabeth Lee Hazen, USA
• Plasma spray, 1950, Max Ulrich Schoop, Switzerland
• Artificial insemination of livestock with frozen semen, 1951, John O. Almquist, USA
• Polypropylene, 1951, Giulio Natta, Italy
• White correction fluid, 1951, Bette Nesmith, USA
• Magnetic tape memory, 1951, Univac/IBM, USA (81)
• Thorazine, chlorpromazine, for schizophrenia, 1951, Henri Laborit, Pierre Deniker, Heinz Lehmann,
• France/Canada (87)
• Nuclear power plant electricity, 1951, Walter Zinn, USA
• Kettle charcoal grill, 1952, George Stephen, Weber-Stephen Products, USA
• Bar code, 1952, N. Joseph Woodland, Bernard Silver, USA
• Atomic absorption spectroscopy, 1952, Alan Walsh, UK/Australia
• Float glass, 1952, 1959, Allastair Pilkington, England
• Self propelled combine, 1952, Claeys, Claas, Germany
• “Gorilla glass”, lithium silicate, ultra strong glass, 1952, Corning, USA (85)
• Airbag, 1952, John W. Hetrick, USA
• Electron beam welding, 1952, Karl-Heinz, Steigerwald, Germany
• Salk polio vaccine, 1952, Jonas Salk, USA
• Roll on deodorant, Ban 1952, Helen Barnett Diserens, USA
• Automatic coffee pot percolator, 1952, Russell Hobbes, USA
• Cloning tadpole, 1952, Robert Briggs, Thomas King, USA
• Erythromycin oral antibiotic, first macrolide antibiotic, 1952, J. M. McGuire, USA
• Apgar score system newborns, 1952, Virginia Apgar, USA
• Cardiac pacemaker, 1952, Paul M. Zoll, USA
• Isoniazid medicine for tuberculosis, 1952, Meyer and Malley, Czechoslovakia
• Semiconductor pocket radios, 1952, Norman Krim, Raytheon, USA
• Fusion thermonuclear bomb, operation IVY, 1952, Edward Teller et al., USA (72)
• Voice recognition system to recognize numbers spoken over a telephone, 1952, Bell Labs, USA
• Gas grill, 1952, Don McGlaughlin, USA
• Wetsuit, 1952, Hugh Bradner, USA
• Computer mouse, 1952, Douglas Englebart, USA (48)
• Insulated picnic cooler, 1953, Richard Laramy, USA
• Video tape recorder, 1953, Norikazu Sawazaki, Japan
• Heart-lung machine, 1953, John Heysham Gibbon, USA
• Silicon solar cell for electricity, 1953, Gerald Pearson, Daryl Chapin, Calvin Fuller, Bell Labs, USA
• Vancomycin antibiotic, first glycopeptide antibiotic, 1953, Edmund Kornfeld, USA
• Fiber optic glass, 1953, Corning, Netherlands (58)
• WD-40, 1953, Norm Larsen, USA
• Color television broadcasting, 1953, RCA labs, USA
• Cochlear implant, 1953, Andre Djourno, France
• High density polyethylene, 1953, Karl Waldemar Ziegler, Germany
• Black box flight recorder, 1953, David Warren, Australia
• Backhoe loader, 1953, Joseph Cyril Bamford, UK
• Medical ultrasonography, echocardiography, 1953, Inge Edler, Carl Hertz, Sweden (75)
• Felt tip pen, Magic Marker, 1953, Sidney Rosenthal, USA
• Geodesic dome, 1954, Richard Buckminster Fuller, USA
• Fortran programming language, 1954, John Backus, IBM, USA
• Prednisone corticosteroid medicine, 1954, Arthur Noble, UK
• Uzi submachine gun, 1954, Uziel Gal, Israel
• Kidney transplant, 1954, Joseph E. Murray, USA (51)
• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), 1954, Peter Safar, James Elam, USA
• Polystyrene, styrofoam, 1839, 1954, Ray McIntire, Dow, USA
• VTOL (Vertical Take-off & Land) aircraft, 1954, Hugh Graham Convay, USA
• RADAR speed gun/camera, 1954, Maurits Gatsonides, Netherlands
• Teflon non-stick pan, 1954, Marc and Colette Gregoire, France
• Electric toothbrush 1954, Philippe Guy Woog, Switzerland
• Children’s lunchbox, 1954, Aladdin Industries, USA
• Jetboat, 1954, 1957, William Hamilton, New Zealand (33)
• Automatic sliding doors, 1954, Dee Horton, Lew Hewitt, USA
• Polypropylene plastic, 1954, Guilio Natta, Karl Ziegler, Italy/Germany
• Ziplock storage bags, 1954, Borge Madsen, Denmark
• System International d’Unites, 1954, international
• Ventouse vacuum birth assist, 1954, Tage Malmstrom, Sweden
• Transistor radio, 1954, Texas Instruments, USA
• Silicon photovoltaic cell, 1954, Stanford Robert Ovshinsky, USA
• Nautilus nuclear submarine, 1954, USA
• Frozen TV dinner, 1954, C. A. Swanson, USA
• Chlorhexidine topical skin disinfectant, 1954, Imperial Chemical Industries, Ld., UK
• Maser, microwave laser, 1955, Charles Hard Townes, Arthur Schawlow, USA
• TV remote control, 1955, Eugene Polley, USA
• Amphotericin B antifungal medication, 1955, Squibb, USA
• Respirator/ventilator, 1955, Forrest M. Bird, USA
• Polyether polyurethane foam rubber, 1955, Charles C. Price, USA
• Hair spray, 1955, Chase products, USA
• Tetracycline, 1955, Lloyd Hillyard Conover, USA
• Gel electrophoresis, 1955, Oliver Smithies, Canada
• Synthetic diamond (HPHT), 1955, GE, Tracy Hall, USA
• Velcro, 1955, George de Mestral, Switzerland
• Noise cancelling headphones (aviator), 1955, Lawrence Jerome Fogel, USA

• Container ship, dedicated,1955, White Pass and Yukon Co., Canada (94)
• Povidone-iodine, Betadine, skin disinfectant, 1955, H.A. Shelanski, M.V. Shelanski, USA
• Fiber optics, 1955, Narinder Singh Kapany, India/UK (58)
• Skateboard, 1955, 1958, Bill and Mark Richards, USA
• Hovercraft, 1955, Christopher Sydney Cockerell, Willam R. Bertelsen, UK
• HIP hot isostatic pressing metal, 1956, Gripshover, Hanes, Battelle’s Columbus Laboratories, USA
• Trucking container, 1956, Malcolm McLean, USA (94)
• Plastic disposable hypodermic syringe, 1956, Colin Murdoch, New Zealand (96)
• Video tape recording, 1956, Charles Paulson Ginsburg, USA
• Metered dose inhaler, 1956, Charlie Thiel, 3M, USA
• Catalytic converter, 1956, Eugene Houdry, France
• Methotrexate chemotherapy, 1956, Jane C. Wright, USA
• Digital clock, 1956, D. E. Protzman, USA
• Commercial nuclear power plant, 1956, UK
• RAMAC 305, first hard drive IBM, 1956, Reynold B. Johnson, USA
• Synthetic blood substitute, 1956, Thomas Chan, Canada
• Fluorouracil chemotherapy for cancer, 1956, Abraham Cantarow, Karl Paschkis, USA
• Bone marrow transplant, 1956, E. Donnall Thomas, USA
• Rolodex, a rotary card filing system, 1956, Hildaur L. Neilsen, Arnold Neustadter, USA
• Metal foam, 1956, John C. Elliott, USA
• Birth control pill (oral contraceptive), 1956, 1960, Gregory Pincus, John Rock, Min Chueh Chang, USA (100)
• Allopurinol medication for gout, 1956, Roland K. Robins, USA
• Play-Doh, 1956, Noah W. & Joseph S. McVicker, USA
• Fiberoptic flexible endoscopy, 1957, Basil Hirschowitz, Larry Curtiss, Wilbur Peters, USA
• Borazon, wurtzite boron nitride, harder than diamond, 1957, Robert H. Wentorf, Jr., GE, USA
• Modern long lasting alkaline battery, 1957, Lewis Urry, Canada (27)
• Fortran programming language, 1957, John Backus, IBM, USA
• Doxycycline antibiotic, 1957, Charlie Stephens, USA
• Dexamethasone corticosteroid medication, 1957,Tadeusz Reichstein, Edward Calvin Kendall. and Philip Showalter Hench, USA/Switzerland
• Bubblewrap, 1957, Alfred Fielding, Marc Chavannes, USA/Switzerland
• Semiconductor LASER, 1957, Jun-ichi Nishizawa, Japan
• Bupivacaine local anesthetic, 1957,Bo af Ekenstam et al., Sweden
• Photolithography, electronics, 1957, Jay Lathrop, James Nall, USA
• Spironolactone, Aldactone, diuretic, 1957, Anthony Pipho, Michael Paul DeHart, USA
• Risk board game, 1957, Albert Lamorisse, France
• Artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, 1957, Sergey Korolev et al., USSR (32)
• CERN nuclear particle accelerator (1st) synchrocyclotron, 1957, Switzerland
• Ziptie, cable tie, 1958, Thomas and Betts, USA
• Leaf blower, 1958, Dom Quinto, USA
• HiFi, 1958, Dieter Rams, Hans Gugelot, Germany
• Vanguard, solar powered satellite, 1958, Hans Ziegler, USA
• Card magnetic stripe, 1958, Forrest Parry, USA
• Boeing 707 jetliner, 1958, Ed Wells, George Schairer, John Alexander, USA
• Digital phone lines, 1958, international
• Integrated circuit, 1958, Jack Kilby, USA (21)
• Haloperidol, Haldol, antipsychotic medication, 1958, Paul Janssen, Belgium
• Personal computer, 1958, IBM, USA  (7)
• Carbon fiber, high performance, 1958, Bacon and Wesley Schalamon, USA
• Pop top drink can, 1959, Ermal Fraze, USA
• Furosemide, Lasix, diuretic, 1959, Sanofi, USA
• Portable nuclear power generator, for space vehicles, 1959, Jerome Morse, USA
• MOSFET, MOS transistor, 1959, Mohamed Atalla, Dawon Kahng, Bell labs, USA (21)  *** Most manufactured device in history, 13,000,000,000,000,000,000,000  (1.3 sextillion manufactured between 1960 and 2018.
• Halogen lamp, 1959, Edward G. Zubler, USA
• Unimate, the world’s first industrial robot, 1959, Devol and Engelberger, USA (86)
• Spandex, Lycra, 1959, Joseph Shivers, DuPont, USA
• Shoulder harness seat belt, automotive, 1959, Nils Bohlin (Volvo), Sweden
• DAC-1 design augmented by computers (CAD), 1959, IBM, GM, USA
• Hydrochlorothiazide, HCT, diuretic, 1959, Merck, Ciba, USA/Switzerland
• Barbie doll, 1959, Ruth Handler, USA
• Pantyhose, 1959, Glen Raven Mills, USA
• Plastic bag, 1959, Sten Gustaf Thulin, Sweden
• In vitro fertilization, 1959, Min Chueh Chang, China/USA
• Weather satellite, 1959, Verner Suomi, Finland/USA  (32)
• Diazepam, Valium, sedative, #1 prescription from 1968-1982, 1959, Leo Sternbach, USA
• Silicon monolithic integrated circuit, 1959, Jack Kilby, Robert Noyce, Masatoshi Shima, USA
• Computer assisted instruction, PLATO programmed logic for automatic teaching operation, 1960, Donald Bitzer, USA
• Mechanical tomato harvester, 1960, Jack Hanna, Coby Lorenzen, USA
• Fentanyl pain medication, most used synthetic opioid, 1960, Paul Janssen, Belgium
• Totally internal pacemaker, 1960, Rune Elmqvist, Wilson Greatbatch, USA
• DOPA for treatment of Parkinson’s disease, 1960, Oleh Hornykiewicz, Austria
• Atomic reactor powered electric submarine, 1960, Naval reactors branch Bureau of Ships, USA
• Underwater launching of Polaris submarine missile, 1960, USA
• Halogen lamp, 1960, Fredrick Moby, GE, USA
• Amitriptyline, Elavil, antidepressant medicine, 1960, AstraZeneca, UK
• COBOL Common Business-Oriented Language, 1960, Howard Bromberg, Pentagon, USA
• Optical character recognition, reading machine, 1960, Jacob Rabinow, USA
• Metronidazole, antiprotozoal antibiotic, first nitroimidazole antibiotic, 1960, Rhone-Poulenc, France
• Communication satellite, 1960, John Robinson Pierce, USA (32)
• Ruby LASER, light amplification by the stimulated emission of radiation, 1960, Theodore Maiman, Gordon Gould,
• Charles Hard Townes, Arthur L. Schawlow, USA (38)
• CABG coronary artery bypass graft, 1960, Robert Goetz, USA
• Cordless tools, 1960, Black and Decker, USA
• Ibuprofen, Advil, Motrin, antiinflammatory drug, 1961, Stewart Adams, UK
• Naloxone, Narcan, opioid reversal agent, 1961, Mozes J. Lewenstein, Jack Fishman, USA/Japan
• Kodak carousel projector, 1961, Louis Misuraca, USA
• Soft contact lenses, 1961, Otto Wichterle, Czechoslovakia
• Trimethoprim, first dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor antibiotic, 1961,
• Pampers disposable diapers, 1961, Vic Mills, Norma Alfred Goldman, USA
• Ampicillin, oral penicillin antibiotic, 1961, Beecham, UK
• Amiodarone, heart rhythm medicine, 1961, Bramah Singh, UK
• Enterprise nuclear aircraft carrier, 1961, USA
• Optical disk, 1961, David Paul Gregg, James Russell, USA
• LED light emitting diode 1962, Nick Holonyak, Jr., GE, USA (45)
• Tamoxifen chemotherapy for breast cancer, 1962, Dora Richardson, UK
• Audio cassette tape, 1962, Phillips, Netherlands
• Space telescope, orbiting solar observatory, 1962, NASA, USA
• Space War!, first video game, 1962, Steve “Slug” Russell, MIT, USA
• Steam spray electric iron, 1962, Sunbeam, USA
• Touch tone keypad telephone dialing, 1962, John Elias Karlin, USA
• Bleomycin cancer medication, 1962, Hamao Umezawa, Japan
• Ketamine anesthetic, 1962, Calvin L. Stevens, USA
• Propranolol, Inderal, beta blocker medicine, 1962, James W. Black, Scotland, UK
• Photochromic glass, lens darkening glass, 1962, William Armistead, Donald Stookey, Corning Glass, USA
• LASER diode, 1962, Robert N. Hall, USA
• Cemented total hip replacement, 1962, John Charnley, UK
• Color Polaroid instant photography, 1963, Edwin Land, USA
• Valium diazepam benzodiazepine, 1963, Leo H. Sternbach, Poland/USA
• Measles vaccine, 1963, John Enders, Maurice Hilleman, USA
• Ring pull pop top, 1963, Ermal Fraze, USA
• LASER treatment for diabetic retinopathy, 1963, Francis L’Esperance, USA
• Fuel cell electricity generator, Apollo and Gemini missions, 1963, 1967, GE/NASA, USA
• Human liver transplant, 1963, Thomas Starzl, USA
• Self cleaning oven with microprocessor, 1963, GE, USA
• Human lung transplant, 1963, James Hardy, USA
• Tramadol pain reliever, 1963, Kurt Flick, Germany
• Lava lamp, 1963, Edward Craven Walker, UK
• Balloon embolectomy catheter, 1963, Thomas J. Fogarty, USA
• Sketchpad, computer aided design (CAD), 1963, Ivan Sutherland, USA
• Electronic cigarette, 1963, Herbert A. Gilbert, Hon Lik, USA
• Myoelectric prosthetic arm, 1964, Central Prosthetic Research Lab., USSR
• SABRE electronic airline booking, American Airlines, 1964, IBM, USA
• BASIC, beginner’s all purpose symbolic instruction code, 1964, John Kemeny, Tom Kurtz, USA
• Cefalotin, first cephalosporin antibiotic, 1964, USA
• Moog synthesizer, 1964, Robert Moog, USA
• Carbon dioxide LASER, 1964, Kumar Patel, Bell labs, USA
• Plasma screen, 1964, Donald Bitzer, Gene Slottow, Robert Wilson, USA
• Reverse osmosis water purification, 1964, Sidney Loeb, USA
• 8 track tape, 1964, Bill Lear, USA
• Coronary artery bypass graft surgery, 1964, Michael DeBakey, USA
• Geostationary communications satellite, 1964, Harold Rosen, Hughes Aircraft, USA
• Flatscreen television, 1964, Donald Bitzer, Gene Slottow, Robert Wilson, USA
• Liquid crystal display (LCD) 1964,1968, George Heilmeier, USA
• Commercial scanning electron microscope, 1965, Cambridge Instruments UK
• Astroturf, synthetic grass, 1965, James Faria, Robert T. Wright, USA
• Aspartame, 1965, James M. Schlatter, USA
• Dolby noise reduction, 1965, Ray Dolby, USA
• Collapsible stroller, 1965, Owen Maclaren, UK
• Touchscreen 1965,1971, Eric A. Johnson, Samuel C. Hurst, UK/USA (85)
• Inflatable aircraft escape slide, 1965, Jack Grant, Australia
• Rubella German measles vaccine, 1965, Harry Martin Meyer, Paul Parkman, USA
• Commercial ultrasound machine, 1965, Walter Erich Krause, USA
• Portable defibrillator, 1965, Frank Pantridge, Northern Ireland (UK)
• Kevlar, 1965, Stephanie Kwolek, DuPont, USA
• Ski-Doo snowmobile, 1965, Joseph-Armand Bombardier, Canada
• Snowboard, 1965, Sherman Poppin, Tom Sims, USA
• DRAM dynamic random access memory, 1966, Robert H. Dennard, IBM, USA
• PIN personal identification number technology for ATM, 1966, James Goodfellow, Scotland, UK
• Trailer hitch, 1966, Search Results, Ludwig Bacher, Canada
• Compound bow (pulley), 1966, Holless Wilbur Allen, USA
• Clindamycin antibiotic, 1966, B.J. Magerlein, R.D. Birkenmeyer, F. Kagan, USA
• Oral Sabin polio vaccine, 1966, Albert Bruce Sabin, USA
• Human pancreas transplant, 1966, C. Walton Lillehei, USA
• CD ROM, 1966, James T. Russell, USA
• CGI computer generated imagery animation film, 1967, Charles Csuri, James Shaffer, USA
• Electronic hand-held calculator, 1967, Jack S. Kilby, USA
• Heart transplant, 1967, Christiaan Neethling Barnard, South Africa (51)
• LASER guided bomb, 1967, US Air Force, USA
• Naproxen, Aleve, antiinflammatory drug, 1967, Syntex, Mexico
• Quartz watch, 1967, Centre Electronique Horloger, Switzerland
• Portable countertop microwave oven, 1967, Amana, USA
• Apollo Guidance Computer (AGC), (12”)3 1968, NASA, USA
• Cash machine, ATM automated teller machine, 1968, John Shepherd-Barron, USA
• Virtual reality headset, 1968, Ivan Sutherland, USA
• Miconazole, Monistat, antifungal medicine, 1968, Nawaz Ahmad, USA
• Boombox, 1968, Phillips, Netherlands
• Water bed, 1968, Charles Prior Hall, USA
• Jacuzzi, hot tub, 1968, Candido Jacuzzi, USA
• Hypertext language of the internet, 1968, Ted Nelson, Andries van Dam, USA (24)
• Graphical user interface, 1968, Douglas Englebart, USA (48)
• Microprocessor chip in credit card, 1968, Helmut Grottup, Jurgen Dethloff, Germany
• Video game console, 1968, Ralph H. Baer, USA
• Successful myoelectric powered limb prosthesis, 1968, Norbert Wiener, Melvin Glimcher, Amar Bose, Robert Mann, USA
• RAM random access memory, 1968, Robert Dennard, USA
• Controlled release drug delivery, 1968, Alejandro Zaffaroni, USA
• Computer LASER printer, 1969, Gary Starkweather, USA
• Supersonic jet transport, 1969, Soviet TU-144, Concorde, USSR/France
• Hydroxyapatite, bioceramic, 1969, Larry Hench, USA
• Fogarty balloon embolectomy catheter, 1969, Thomas Fogarty, USA
• Gore Tex, 1969, 1976, Wilbert L. Gore, Robert W. Gore, Rowena Taylor, USA
• Intermittent windshield wipers, 1969, Robert William Kearns, USA
• Stanford robotic arm, 1969, Victor Scheinman, Stanford U., USA
• Apollo 11 moon landing, 1969, NASA, USA
• ARPANET, Advanced Research Projects Agency, Dept of Defense, 1969, USA
• UNIX operating system, 1969, Kenneth L. Thompson, USA
• Electronic book, 1969, Alan Kay, USA
• Practical smoke detector, 1969, Duane Pearsall, USA
• Far ultraviolet camera, 1969, George Caruthers, USA
• Cochlear implant for hearing, 1969, William House, USA
• Post-it notes with silicone adhesive, 1970, Arthur Fry, 3M, USA
• Digital thermometer, 1970, Robert Cherry Martin, USA
• Animal cloning, 1970, John B. Gurdon, UK
• Car alarm, 1970, Charles E. Davis, USA
• Urethane wheels with ball bearings, 1970, Frank Nasworthy, USA
• Nautilus exercise machine, 1970, Arthur Jones, USA
• Boeing 747 passenger jet, 1970, USA
• Computer optical scanner, 1970, Bell labs, USA
• Silver sulfadiazine, Silvadene, topical antibiotic for burns, 1970, Charles L. Fox, Jr., USA
• SRI International´s Shakey robot, 1st run by artificial intelligence, 1970, Nils John Nilsson, Charles Rosen, Bertram
• Raphael, Stanford U., USA
• Cellular mobile telephone, 1970, Amos Joel, Bell labs, USA (23)
• Ultrapure fiber optic glass, 1970, Corning, USA
• Minuteman ICBM, 1970, US Air Force, USA
• Pascal programming language, 1970, Niklaus Wirth, Switzerland
• Pocket calculator, 1970, Busicom Co., Japan
• Video cassette recorder (VCR), 1970, Charles Paulson Ginsburg, USA
• Single chip microprocessor, Intel 4004 (personal computer), 90,000 operations per second, 1971, Federico Fagin, Ted
• Hoff, USA
• Nike waffle shoe, 1971, Bill Bowerman, USA
• Space station, 1971, USSR
• Computerized telephone exchange, 1971, Erna Schneider Hoover, Bell labs, USA
• LASER printer, 1971, Gary Starkweather, Xerox, USA
• Digital stopwatch (1/1000 sec), 1971, Cox Electronic Systems, USA
• Food processor, 1971, Pierre Verdon, Carl Sontheimer, France
• Floppy disc, 1971, David L. Noble, IBM, USA
• Email, 1971, Ray Tomlinson, USA (68)
• GMO genetically modified organism oil eating bacteria (Pseudomonas), 1971, Ananda Mohan Chakrabarty, GE, USA
• Transdermal medication delivery patches, 1971, Alejandro Zaffaroni, USA
• Car anti lock brakes, 1971, Bendix Co, Chrysler, Toyota, Japan/USA
• Weedwacker string trimmer, 1971, George Ballas, USA
• UPC universal product code, 1971,George Laverer, IBM
• Pulse oximeter, 1972, Takuo Aoyagi, Japan
• 3D computer animation, 1972, Edmund Catmull, USA
• Prozac antidepressant, 1972, Ray W. Fuller, Bryan B. Molloy, David T. Wong, USA`
• CT computed tomography scan, 1972,1975, Godfrey Hounsfield, Allan Cormack, Robert S. Ledley, UK/USA (59)
• Pong, Video game console, 1972, Al Alcorn, Nolan Bushnell, Atari, USA
• Digital LED watch, 1972, John M. Bergey, USA
• Compact insulin pump, 1972, Dean Lawrence Kamen, USA
• Mr. Coffee automatic percolator drip coffee maker, 1908, 1954, 1972, Melitta Bentz, Gottlob Widmann, Germany/USA
• Car electronic ignition, 1972, Charles Kettering, USA
• Tilt and shift camera lens, 1973, Canon, Japan
• Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP), 1973, Vinton Cerf, Robert E. Kahn, USA  (24)
• MRI magnetic resonance imaging scan, 1973, Raymond Damadian, Paul Lauterbur, USA(74)
• Jet ski, 1973, Clayton Jacobson, USA
• Safety automobile airbags, 1973, General Motors, USA
• PET polyethylene terephthalate recyclable plastic, 1973, Nathaniel Wyeth, USA
• Catalytic converter, 1973, Rodney Bagley, Irwin Lachman, Ronald Lewis, Corning Glass, USA
• Corrective LASER eye surgery, LASIK, 1973, Mani Lal Bhaumik India/USA
• Ethernet, computer linkage, 1973, Bob Metcalfe, David Boggs, USA
• Voicemail, 1973, Scott A. Jones, USA
• CGI computer generated imagery, Westworld, 1973, Edwin Catmul, Fred Parke, USA
• Invisible fence, 1973, Richard Peck, USA
• Cell phone, 1973, Martin Cooper (Motorola), Donald Cox, W. Rae Young, Eric Tigerstedt, USA
• Aciclovir, antiviral medication, 1973, Howard Schaeffer, USA
• GMO genetically modified organism mouse, 1973, Herbert Boyer, Stanley Cohen
• Liposuction, 1974, Giorgio Fischer, Italy
• Total knee replacement, 1974, John Insall, New York, USA
• Heimlich maneuver, 1974, Henry Judah Heimlich, USA
• Salter’s duck for wave power generation, 1974, Stephen Salter, Scotland (UK)
• Rubik’s Cube, 1974, Erno Rubik, Hungary
• Tire pressure sensor system, 1974, George E. Garcia, USA
• Midazolam (Versed), benzodiazepine sedative, 1974, Armin Walser, Switzerland
• Southern blot gel electrophoresis, 1975, Edwin Mellor Southern, UK
• Monoclonal antibody production, 1975, Georges J. F. Kohler, Cesar Milstein, Germany/Argentina
• Digital camera, 1975, Steven Sasson, Kodak, USA
• Laptop/notebook computer, 1975, 1983, IBM, Compaq, USA (7)
• Kevlar bulletproof vest, 1975, Richard A. Armellino, USA
• Digital audiotape, 1975, Thomas Greenway Stockham, USA
• Compact fluorescent bulb 1976, 1991, Edward E. Hammer (GE), USA
• Ranitidine, Zantac, peptic ulcer medication, 1976, John Bradshaw, UK
• Cray supercomputer, 1976, Seymour Cray, USA
• 3D computer graphics, 1976, Edwin Catmull, USA
• Propofol anesthetic, 1977, John Bradshaw, USA
• DNA sequencing, 1977, Frederick Sanger, England (UK)
• Apple II computer, 1977, Steve Wozniak, USA (7)
• Genetic engineering of human to bacteria gene, 1977,
  Pneumonia vaccine, 1977, Robert Austrian, USA
• Electronic news gathering, editing 1976, SONY, Japan
• Thermal inkjet printer, 1977, Ichiro Endo, Canon, Japan
• Conductive polymers, 1977, Alan MacDiarmid, Hideki Shirakawa, Alan Heeger, USA
• Baby food, 1977, Dorothy Gerber, USA
• PET positron emission tomography scan, 1977, Edward J. Hoffman (UCLA), USA
• Word processor, 1978, Seymour Ivan Rubinstein, Bob Barnaby, USA
• Seasat, oceanographic mapping satellite, 1978, NASA, USA
• Rain sensing windshield wipers, 1978, Raymond J. Noack, Australia
• Spreadsheet program, 1978, Dan Bricklin, Bob Frankston, USA
• Gene therapy, antisense, 1978, Paul Zamecnik, USA
• In vitro fertilization, 1978, Patrick Steptoe, Robert Edwards, UK
• Dyson bagless vacuum cleaner, 1978, James Dyson, UK
• Computer worm created, 1979, John Shoch and Jon Hupp, USA
• Maglev train, magnetically levitated superconducting, 1979, Gordon Danby, James Powell, USA
• Digital audio music, 1979, Kane Kramer, USA
• Sony walkman, 1979 Nobutoshi Kihara, Akio Morita, Japan
• Polar fleece fabric, 1979, Malden Mills (Polartec), USA
• Trident submarine ICBM, 1979, Lockheed Martin, USA
• Simvastatin, Zocor, lipid lowering medicine, 1980, Carl Hoffman, USA
• CD, compact disc, 1980, Sony, Philips Electronics, Japan/Netherlands
• Wind farm, 1980, Fausto Veranzio, New Hampshire, USA
• Lithotripter, gallstones rx, 1980, Claude Dornier, Germany
• Cordless phone, 1980, George Sweigert, Teri Pall, USA
• Liquid soap, Softsoap, 1980, Minnetonka Co., USA
• Optical mouse, LED, 1980, Steve Kirsch, Richard F. Lyon, USA (48)
• Cyclosporine immunosuppression for transplant patients, 1980, R.Y. Calne, UK
• Hepatitis B diagnostic test and vaccine, 1980, Baruch Samuel Blumberg, USA
• Flash memory, 1980, Fujio Masuoka (Toshiba), Japan
• LASER cataract surgery, laserphaco, 1981, Patricia Bath, USA
• 3 ½-inch floppy drives and diskettes, 1981, SONY, Japan
• Mumps vaccine, 1981, Maurice Hilleman, USA
• Neutron bomb, 1981, Samuel T. Cohen, USA
• Solar One large scale solar power plant, 1981, DOE, Daggett, CA, USA
• Personal computer modem, 1981, Dennis C. Hayes, USA
• Scramjet engine, 1981, Ray Stalker, Australia
• Enoxaparin, Lovenox, low molecular weight heparin, 1981, Sanofi-Aventis, USA
• Scanning tunneling microscope, 1981, Gerd Karl Binning, Heinrich Rohrer, Germany
• Combined heart-lung transplant, 1981, Bruce Reitz, USA
• IBM personal computer, 1981, Mark Dean, Philip Don Estrudgem IBM, USA
• Synthetic skin, 1981, Ioannis V. Yannas, John F. Burke, USA
• Space shuttle, reusable spacecraft, silica ceramic tiles, 1981, NASA, USA
• Commodore 64 PC, #1 selling computer of all time, 1982, Jack Tramiel et al., USA
• Jarvik-7 artificial heart, 1982, Paul Winchell, Willem Johan Kolff, Robert Jarvik, USA
• Humulin, recombinant insulin, 1982, Genentech (1st biotech company), USA
• Online trading, 1982,1995, Bill Porter, USA
• Stealth technology fighter, 1982, Denys Overholser, Petr Ufimtsev, US/USSR
• LASER pointer, 1982, Theodore Harold Maiman; Gordon Gould, USA
• Dragon speech recognition, 1982, James Baker, Janet Baker, USA
• Ciprofloxacin, Cipro, antibiotic, 1983, Bayer, Germany
• Camcorder, 1980, 1983, Jerome Lemelson, SONY, Japan
• Microsoft Word, 1983, Charles Simonyi, Richard Brodie, USA
• Interferon recombinant DNA cloning, 1983, Sidney Pestka, USA
• Recombinant vaccines, 1983, Enzo Paoletti and Dennis Panicali, USA
• Nintendo entertainment system, 1983, Nintendo, Japan
• Transmission control protocol/internet protocol TCP/IP, 1983, National Science Foundation, USA
• Halogen electric cooktop, Ceran, 1983, Schott Co., Germany
• Business, gov’t cloud storage, 1983 (1969), Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider, USA
• Satellite television, 1945, 1983, Arthur C. Clarke (UK), US Satellite Comm. INC., USA
• 3D printing, stereolithography, 1983, Chuck Hull, USA
• CD-ROM multimedia player, 1984, James Russell, Phillips, Sony, Japan
• DNA fingerprinting and profiling, 1984, Alec John Jeffreys, UK
• MMU manned maneuvering unit, 1984, Charles “Ed” Whitsett, NASA, USA
• Apple Macintosh, mouse driven with graphic user interface, 1984, Steve Jobs et al., USA (48)
• Flash memory, 1984, Fujio Masuoka, Toshiba, Japan
• Self driving vehicle, 1984, Ernst Dickmanns (Mercedes), Germany
• ICD intracardiac cardioverter defibrillator (open), 1969, 1985, Michel Mirowski, Morton Mower, USA
• Thermal inkjet printer, 1984, Hewlett-Packhard, USA
• Automated DNA sequencer, 1985, Leroy Edward Hood, Lloyd Smith, USA
• Chemical vapor deposition synthetic diamonds, 1953, 1985, William G. Eversole, USA
• Fullerene buckyballs C60, 1985, Harold W. Kroto, Richard E. Smalley, Robert F. Curl, Jr., UK/USA
• C++ computer language, 1985, Bjarne Stroustrup, Denmark
• Bipedal robot, 1985, Hitachi, Japan
• Windows operating system, 1985, Bill Gates, Paul Allen et al., USA
• Capsule endoscopy, 1985, Tarun Mullick, USA
• Prozac, fluoxetine HCL, SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant, 1986, Ray Fuller, David Wong, Bryan
• Molloy, Eli Lilly, USA
• Surgical robot, Ole, 1985, Yik San Kwoh, USA
• Pixar computer animation, 1986, Edwin Catmull, Alvy Ray Smith, USA
• High temperature ceramic superconductor, 1986, Karl Alex Muller, Johannes Georg Bednorz, Germany/Switzerland
• Crosslinked polyethylene, 1986, Thomas Engel, Germany
• Electronic tolls (E-Z pass), 1986, Mario Cardullo, USA
• Internet virus, 1986, Basit Farooq Alvi, Amjad Farooq Alvi, Pakistan
• Handled rolling luggage, 1987, Robert Plath, USA
• MMO massively multiplayer online games, 1987, Kelton Flinn, John Taylor, USA
• Automated DNA synthesizer, 1987, Leroy Edward Hood, USA
• Vision LASER correction, 1987, Stephen Trokel, USA
• Tissue engineering, 1987, Joseph P. Vacanti, Robert Langer, USA
• OLED, organic light emitting diode, 1987, Steven Van Slyke, Ching W. Tang
• Digital Signature, 1988, Leonard Adleman, Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, USA
• Seedless watermelon, 1939, 1988, Woo Jang-choon, Korea/Japan
• RU-486 abortion pill, 1988, Etienne-Emile Baulieu, France
• DSL digital subscriber line, 1988, Joseph Lechleider, USA
• Intravascular (blood vessel) stent, 1988, Julio Palmaz, Argentina
• LASER cataract surgery, 1988, Patricia Bath, USA
• Touchpad, 1988, George Gerpheide, USA
• B2 stealth bomber, exterior non-metal composite constructed, 1988, Northrup Grummon, Hal Markarian, USA
• Firewall security, 1988, AT&T, Bill Cheswick, Steve Bellovin, USA
• Caller ID, 1988, Shirley Ann Jackson, Kazuo Hashimoto, USA/Japan

9) internet era  1989-present

The World Wide Web defines the Internet Era.  Interconnectivity of devices with sharing of DATA with wired, fiberoptic, and wireless technology.

• World Wide Web, 1989, Tim Berners-Lee, UK (24)
• GPS satellite, 1989, Bradford Parkinson, Roger L. Easton, Ivan Getting, USA (52)
• Practical virtual reality, 1989, Jaron Lanier, USA
• Nintendo Game Boy handheld video game system, 1989, Nintendo, Japan
• MP3 compression, 1989, Karlheinz Brandenburg, Germany
• Flash drive USB, 1989, Dov Moran, M-System, Israel
• Python computer programming language, 1989, Guido van Rossum, Netherlands
• Garmin Ltd., ProNav, 1989, Gary Burrell and Min Kao, Kansas, USA
• Hand held global positioning system (military), 1989, Bradford Parkinson, Roger L. Easton, Ivan Getting, USA
• Protease inhibitor, Invirase, 1990, Joseph A. Martin, Sally Redshaw, USA
• Dual hydraulic zero radius mower, 1990, Joseph Berrios, USA
• Gamow bag, altitude sickness Rx, 1990, Igor Gamow, USA
• Intel 80486 microprocessor, 1 million transistors, 1990, Intel, USA
• Cable modem, 1990, Rouzbeh Yassini, USA
• Consumer digital camera, 1990, Logitech, Steven Sasson, USA
• Photoshop, 1990, Thomas Knoll, John Knoll, USA
• Hubble orbiting space telescope, 1990, NASA, USA
• Carbon nanotubes, 1991, Sumio Iijima, Japan
• Prion, proteinaceous infectious particle, 1991, Stanley B. Prusiner, USA
• Linux operating system, 1991, Lunus Torvalds, Finland/USA
• Image stabilization, 1991, Martin Philip Stevens, UK
• Windup radio, 1991, 1993, Trevor Baylis, UK
• Webcam, 1991, Quentin Staffford-Fraser, Paul Jardetzky, UK
• Digital cell phone, 1991, DSM digital special mobile, international  (23)
• Practical lithium ion battery, 1991, Asahi Kasei, SONY, Japan
• Smartphone, 1992, IBM Simon, Martin Cooper (Motorola), USA (23)
• Hemophilus influenza vaccine, 1992, David Smith, USA
• Tippy cup, non spill cup, 1992, Mandy Haberman, UK
• JPEG compression standardized, 1992, Joint Photographic Experts Group, international
• Text messaging, 1984, 1992, Matti Makkonen, Finland (68)
• Ultraviolet water purifier, 1993, Ashok Gadgil, USA/India
• Hepatitis A vaccine, 1993, Stephen Mark Feinstone, Albert Kapikian, Robert Purcell, USA
• Implanted bionic limb, 1993, David James Gow, Scotland UK
• Fuel cell bus, 1993, William Robert Grove, Francis Thomas Bacon, UK
• Digital video disc (DVD), 1993, 1995, consortium of companies, Japan/USA/Netherlands
• Mosaic XS web browser, 1993, 1994, Marc Andreessen, Eric Bina, USA (55)
• Personal cloud storage, 1994, Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider (1960’s), USA
• GMO genetically modified organism tomato, 1994, Jonathan Jones, Cathie Martin, USA
• Yahoo, 1994, Jerry Yang and David Filo, USA
• Compact flash memory, 1994, SanDisk, USA
• PlayStation, 1994, Ken Kutaragi, SONY, Japan
• VoIP internet phone service, 1994, Alan Cohen, Lior Haramty, Israel
• Vibration reduction optical image stabilization, lens based, 1994, Nikon, Japan
• C-MOS image sensor, 1994, Eric R. Fossum, USA
• Amazon, online shopping, 1994, Jeff Bezos et al., USA (80)
• Application smartphone, 1994, Hal Abelson, USA (23)
• Catheter ICD intracardiac cardioverter defibrillator, 1995 Michel Mirowski, Morton Mower, USA
• Broadcast.com, 1st online radio station, streaming, 1995, Christopher Jaeb. Todd Wagner and Mark Cuban, USA
• Java computer programming language, WORA Write Once, Run Anywhere, 1995, James Gosling, USA
• Digital video recording, 1995, Panasonic and Sony, Japan
• Elliptical exerciser, 1995, Precor, USA
• Boeing 777, completely computer designed/engineered, 1995, USA
• Ebay, 1995, Pierree Morad Omidyar, USA
• Teledyne Ryan Tier II spy drone, 1995, USA
• GPS guided munitions, 1995, USA
• Dolly cloned sheep, 1996, Keith Campbell, Ian Wilmut et al., UK
• GMO genetically modified organism corn, 1996, Boyer and Cohen, Monsanto, USA
• GMO genetically modified organism soybean, 1996, Boyer and Cohen, Monsanto, USA
• GMO genetically modified organism rice, golden rice, 1999, Ingo Potrykus, Peter Beyer, Switzerland
• Palm pilot, 1996, Jeff Hawkins, USA
• Microencapsulation technique that embedded pesticides into house paints, 1996, Pilar Mateo, Spain
• Flash drive, 1996, 2000, Dov Mora, Israel
• Nintendo 64, 1996, Hiroshi Yamauchi, Japan
• Portable defibrillator, 1997, Frank Pantridge, Ireland
• Video baby monitor, 1997, Cynthia Altenhofen, USA
• Viagra, sildenafil citrate, 1997, Peter Dunn, Albert Wood, Pfizer, USA
• Compact Disc-ReWritable (CD-RW), 1997, James Russell, USA
• WiFi 802.11 protocol, 1997, John O’Sullivan, Australia (70)
• Supercavitating torpedo, Shkval, Mach-1, 1997, Russia/USA
• Anti satellite LASER, 1997, USA
• Hybrid car (Prius), 1997, Ferdinand Porsche (1898), Germany
• MP3 player, 1997, Karlheinz Brandenburg, Germany
• Recordable DVD 1963, 1997, David Paul Gregg, James Russell, USA
• Google, search engine, 1998, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, USA (55)
• Human RFID chip, radio frequency identification chip, 1998, Charles Walton, UK/USA
• HDTV, 1993, 1998 international
• Human stem cell lines and stem cell therapy, 1998, James Alexander Thomson, USA
• Sony Artificial Intelligence roBOtic dog, AIBO, 1999, SONY, Japan
• Universal serial bus, 1999 Ajay Bhatt, India/USA
• Bluetooth, 1999, Jaap Haartsen, Sweden
• “Airport” Wi-Fi router, 1999, Apple, USA
• WWW mobile phone access, 1999, NTT DoCoMo, Japan
• TiVo (digital video recorder) 1999, Jim Barton, Mike Ramsey, USA
• Garmin civilian use GPS, 2000, Gladys West, Bradford Parkinson, Roger L. Easton, Ivan Getting, USA (52)
• Bose quiet comfort noise canceling headphones for music, 2000, Amar Bose, USA
• Comvax hepatitis B vaccine, 2000, Pablo DT Valenzuela, Chile
• Blu-Ray, 2000, 2003, Shuji Nakamura, Japan
• Honda’s Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility (ASIMO) humanoid robot, 2000, Honda, Japan
• USB flash drive, 2000, Amir Ban, Dov Moran, Oron Ogdan, Israel
• Camera phone J-Phone J-SH04, 2000, Philippe Kahn, Sharp, France/USA/Japan
• Solid state disk (SSD) module memory, 2000, Sandisk, Toshiba, Matsushita, USA/Japan
• WiFi router, 2000, John O’Sullivan, Vic Hayes, William Yeager, Australia (70)
• IPOD 2001, Tony Fadell, USA
• Telesurgery, 2001, Michael Gagner, Jacques Marescaux, USA/France
• Satellite radio, 2001, Martine Rothblatt, David Margolese, Robert Briskman, USA
• Active denial system, microwave crowd clearing device, “heat ray”, 2001, James Jordan Rosenberg, Michael Peter
• DeLisio, Blythe Chadwick, USA
• Titanium dioxide, self cleaning windows, SunClean glass, 2001, Pilkington Glass, UK
• D3O energy absorbing plastic, Richard Palmer, UK
• LASER mapping for digital blueprints for 3D objects, 2001, Ben Kacyra, USA
• X-Box, 2001, Microsoft, USA
• I-Tunes, 2001, Bill Kincaid, Apple, USA
• Segway human transporting vehicle, 2001 Dean Kamen, USA
• Self healing polymers, 2001, Scott White, Nancy Sottos, USA
• Wikipedia, 2001, Larry Sanger, Jimmy Wales, USA/UK
• IED improvised explosive device remotely activated, 2001, international
• Clot inducing bandage, chitosan, 2002, HemCon, USA
• Optical camouflage, 2002, Susumu Tachi, Guy Kramer, Japan/USA
• PEP pulsed energy projectile, LASER induced plasma explosion, 2002, E.M. Honig, USA
• Centibots project, 100 coordinated robots, 2002, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), USA
• China, magnetic-levitation train hit 260 mph, 2002, Germany
• LASER based track and trace systems, 2002, Greg Drouillard, USA
• Roomba autonomous vacuum robot, 2002, Rodney Brooks, iRobot Co., USA
• Scramjet, 2002, Australia/UK
• Anti-shake, sensor based image stabilization, 2003, Konica Minolta, Japan
• Skype, 2003, Ahti Heinla, Priit Kasesalu, and Jaan Tallinn, Estonia
• Max the robotic cat, 2003, Omron, Japan
• Meningitis vaccine, 2003, Rino Rappuoli, Italy/USA
• Blu-ray optical disc, 1080p storage, 2003, international
• Spaceship one, 2003, Burt Rutan, USA
• X-Box live, 2003, Boyd Multerer, USA
• Podcast, 2003, Christopher Lyden, Dave Winer, USA
• World of Warcraft, a Massive Multiplayer Online Role Playing Game (MMORPG), 2004, Blizzard Entertainment, USA
• Graphene, 2004, Andre Geim, Konstantin Novoselov, UK
• Rheo microprocessor controlled prosthetic knee, 2004, Hugh Herr, Ossur Co., USA/Iceland
• Electronic cigarette, e-cigarette, 2004, Ruyan Co., China
• Chickenpox, varicella vaccine, 2005, Michiaki Takahashi, Japan
• Facebook, 2004, Mark Zuckerberg, USA (73)
• Organ generation (bladder) from own cells, 2004, Anthony Atala, Wake Forest, USA
• Modern selfie stick, 2005, Wayne Fromm, Canada
• Composite metal foam, 2005, Afsaneh Rabiei, USA
• Body camera for law enforcement, 2005, 2007, Denmark/UK
• Bullet hole sealing technology for fuel tankers, 2005, High Impact Technologies, USA
• Internet video streaming, YouTube, 2005, Jawed Karim, Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, USA (95)
• SONY DSC-R1 mirrorless bridge camera with live view, 2005, SONY, Japan
• Color night vision, 2005, Alex Toet, Netherlands
• Google maps, 2005, Jens and Lars Rasmussen, Denmark/Australia
• Porous tantalum, 2006, Zimmer, USA
• Rotavirus oral vaccine, successful, 2006, Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, USA/UK
• Wii, 2006, Shigeru Miyamoto, Nintendo, Japan
• Amazon Elastic Cloud 2 (EC2), Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3), 2006, Amazon, USA
• Robotic fish, 2006, Japan
• Twitter, microblogging platform, 2006, USA
• Surface computer, 2006, Microsoft, USA
• HPV human papillomavirus recombinant vaccine, 2006, Ian Frazer, UK/Australia
• Printing on demand, 2006, Victor Celorio, USA
• Ground based anti satellite weapon, 2007, China
• Metal storm machine gun, 1 million rounds/min, 2007 J. Mike O’Dwyer, Australia
• ZPrinter 450, commercial 3D printer, $40,000, 2007, USA
• Robot Looj gutter cleaner, 2007, iRobot,
• FreeStyle Navigator continuous glucose monitoring for diabetics, 2007, Abbott Diabetes Care,
• PowerBuoy, ocean wave energy electrical generator, 2007, Ocean Power Technologies
• MOP massive ordnance penetrator, bomb bunker penetrator, 2007, USA
• Argus II bionic eye implant, visual prosthesis, 2007, Mark Humayun, Eugene Dejuan, Howard D. Phillips, Wentai Liu,
• Robert Greenberg, USA
• Rotavirus vaccine, 2007, H. Fred Clark and Paul Offit, USA
• Hulu streaming video on demand, 2007, Jason Kilar, USA
• Electronic voting, 2007, Estonia
• Iphone, 2007, Steve Jobs et al., USA (23)
• Flexible battery w/ carbon nanotubes and cellulose, 2007, Pulickel Ajayan et al., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
• Smallest radio out of a single carbon nanotube, 10,000 times thinner than human hair, 2007, U of Cal Berkley, USA
• Netflix, 2007, Marc Randolph and Reed Hastings, USA
• Hepatitis C cure, sofosbuvir, 2007, Michael J Sofia, USA
• Amazon Kindle, 2007, Jason Merkoski, USA
• Lumix DMC-G1 true mirrorless camera, 1st, 2008, Panasonic, Japan
• Chemical vapor deposition to create graphene, 2008,
• Android OS, 2008, Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears, Chris White, USA
• Airborne LASER, 2008, Boeing, USA
• Full face transplant, 2008, Laurent Lantieri, France
• Minecraft, 2008, Markus “Notch” Persson, Sweden
• Plasma acoustic shield system, 2008, Stellar Photonics, USA
• Memristor, 2008, Richard Stanley Williams, Leon O. Chua, USA
• Cloud based memory backup for home and business, 2008, international
• Modern practical electric car, Tesla roadster, 2008, Elon Musk et al., USA
• ATHLETE all-terrain hex-legged extra-terrestrial explorer robotic rover, 2009, NASA, USA
• Rapamycin extends rodent life expectancy 20%, 2009,
• Pinterest, 2009,  Bin Silbermann, Paul Sciarra, Evan Sharp, USA
• Boeing 787 Dreamliner composite fuselage, 2009, Boeing, USA
• Solar powered cellular phone, 2009, Samsung, South Korea
• “Paper battery”, paper coated with ink of silver and carbon nanoparticles, 2009, Stanford U., USA
• Breathalyzer which detects lung cancer, 2009, Israel Institute of Technology, Israel
• Square payment system, 2009, Jack Dorsey, USA
• Uber Technologies Inc., 2009, Travis Kalanick, Garrett Camp, USA
• Silicon ink printed circuits, 2009, Kovio, USA
• Bitcoin, 2009, Satoshi Nakamoto? unknown
• Sex robot, Roxxxy, 2010, TrueCompanion, USA
• Emily Howell digital music composition program, 2010, David Cope, USA
• 3D 360 degree hologram, 2010, SONY, Japan
• SIRI audio assistant 2010, Adam Cheyer, Dag Kittlaus, and Tom Gruber, USA
• Instagram, 2010, Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger, USA
• SmartTV, 2010, Samsung, South Korea
• Nest learning thermostat, 2010, Fred Bould, USA
• Siri personal assistant, 2010, Adam Cheyer, Apple, USA
• 3D TV, 2010, Japan
• Kaman K-MAX drone helicopters, synchropter, 2010, USA
• Electronic stethoscope, 2010, 3M/Littman, USA
• SILEX, separation of isotopes by LASER excitement, uranium enrichment with LASERs, 2011, Michael Goldsworthy and
• Horst Struve, Australia
• Snapchat, 2011, Evan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy, Reggie Brown, USA
• Coravin wine preservation opener, 2011, Greg Lambrecht, USA
• Uterus transplant, 2011, Omer Ozkan, Munire Erman Akar, Turkey
• Curiosity Mars rover, 2011, Adam Diedrich Steltzer, USA
• Photonic molecules, 2012, MIT, USA
• Raspberry Pi, $30 computer, 2012, Eben Upton, UK
• IPAD, 2012, Steve Jobs et al., USA
• Lyft, 2012, Logan Green, John Zimmer, USA
• Google glass, 2012, Sebastian Thrum, USA
• CRISPR-Cas9, 2012, Jennifer Doudna, Emmanuelle Charpentier, USA/France (93)
• Google machine learning project (AI), 2012, Geoffrey Everet Hinton, UK
• Slack, 2013, Stewart Butterfield, Eric Costello, Cal Henderson, Serguei Mourachov, USA
• Phantom drone for professional aerial photography, 2013, DJI, China
• Hyperloop giant pneumatic tube concept, 2013, Elon Musc et al., USA
• Cultured meat, cellular agriculture, 2013, Jason Gaverick Metheny, USA
• XBox 1, 2013, Microsoft, USA
• Unmanned X-51A WaveRider w/ scramjet engine, 3,000 mph, Mach 5.1, 2013, USA
• PlayStation 4, 2013, SONY, Japan
• Stem cell liver organoids, 2013, Hans Clevers, Netherlands
• Full frame mirrorless interchangeable lens camera, Alpha7, 2013, SONY, Japan
• Atlas robot, 2013, Boston Dynamics, USA
• PRISM leak, 2013, Edward Snowden, USA
• Apple Pay, 2014, Greg Kerr, Apple, USA
• 3D printed skull for transplant, 2014, Netherlands
• MakerBot Replicator Mini 3D printer for home use, 2014, MakerBot, USA
• Targeted immunotherapy for leukemia, 2014, Irving Bernstein, USA
• Michigan Micro Mote (M3) computer “smart dust”, 0.3 mm, 2014, David Blauuw, Dennis Sylvester, Jamie Phillips, U of Michigan, USA
• Anti drone LASER system, 2014, China
• Laser weapon system, 2014, USS Ponce, USA
• Hemopurifier, 2014, Harold H. Handley, Jr, USA
• Amazon Fire Stick, 2014, Hon Hai Precision Industry, USA
• Apple watch, 2015, Jony Ive, Marc Newson, Apple, USA
• Foldable smartphone, 2015, Samsung, South Korea
• Google maps location finder from loaded pictures, not GPS, 2015, Google, USA
• BMW self parking feature, 2015, BMW, Germany
• Portable hologram display with 360 degree viewing, 2015, Samsung, South Korea
• Find my car phone app, 2015, Apple/Google, USA
• Water filtering book pages, silver nanoparticles, 10 cents/page, 2015,
• ImmunoMatrix patches, needle free vaccines, 2015,
• Animated ebooks with voice recognition, 2015, Microsoft, USA
• Phone display of holograms, 2015, Samsung, South Korea
• Skype Translator, real time video translation, 50 languages, 2015, Skype,
• Owlet Smart Sock wearable baby monitor, pulse and oxygen levels, 2015, Owlet,
• Reusable rockets, SpaceX, Falcon 9, 2015, Tom Mueller et al., USA
• GMO genetically modified organism salmon, 2015, Garth Fletcher, USA
• Amazon echo, 2015, Rohit Prasad, Tony Reid, USA
• Oculus rift (VR), 2016, Palmer Luckey, USA
• Sophia humanoid robot, 2016, Hanson Robotics, Hong Kong, China
• Smart drone auto navigating, DJI Phantom 4, 2016, USA
• Wireless, batteryless, cardiac pacemaker, 2017, Aydin Babakhani, USA
• X-ray LASER for atomic level study, x-ray microscopy, Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS-II), 2017, Stanford U.,
• USA/Germany
• Self repairing glass, polyether-thiourea, 2017, U of Tokyo, Japan
• Alpha Go artificial intelligence self learning program, 2017, Demis Hassabis et al., UK
• YouTube TV streaming, 2017, USA
• Neopanamax container ship, 2018, international
• Solar powered atmospheric water generator, 2018, David Hertz, USA
• Google duplex, AI, 2018, USA
• Apple watch, 2018, Jony Ive et al., USA
• 3D metal printing, 2018, Carl Deckard, USA
• Russian hypersonic glide vehicle (27x sound), 2019, Pr. Bladimir L. Fraishadt, Russia
• Nanolive CX-A, holographic microscope for living cells in 3D without stains, 2019,
• CRISPR tomato, 2019, Jennifer Doudna et al., USA (93)
  
• CRISPR biofuels, 2019, Jennifer Doudna et al., USA (93)
• Gravity flying jet propulsion suit, 2019, Richard Browning et al., Gravity Industries, UK
• Mirror streaming interactive fitness device, 2019,
• Impossible meat (yeast leghemoglobin), 2019, Patrick O. Brown, USA
• Global High-Resolution Atmospheric Forecasting System, world wide supercomputer weather forecasting, 2019, IBM, USA
• Quantum computing, IBM Q system 1, 2019, USA
• 3D printed heart with patient’s cells, 2019, Israel
• AirPods Pro, noise canceling Bluetooth earbuds, 2019, Apple, USA
• Flyboarding jet powered English Channel crossing, 2019, Franky Zapata, France
• Nan-tech pain patch, Kailo, nano-capacitors, 2020,Stuart Fetzer, USA
• FIXD online computer car engine diagnostics, 2020, John Gatuso, Kevin Miron, Rikin Maffatia, Rachel Ford, USA
• OshenWatch, HR, BP, Blood oxygen, 2020, CA, USA
• Blaux Air Cooler, cordless air conditioner, 2020, China
• Bondic, UV light activated bonder, 2020, Thomas Offerman, Germany
• Fit Track Dara BMI smart scale fitness monitor, 2020, Austria
• Molecular carbon glass cleaner, 2020, Daniel Patton, CarbonKlean, USA
• DoDow sleep inducing metronome light, 2020, Alexandre Dujoncquoy, France
• Covid-19 vaccine, 2020, Moderna, USA
• Genetically engineered cows producing Covid-19 human antibodies, 2020, Eddie Sullivan, SAB Biotherapeutics, USA

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