Domestic Biotech

Classification

Domestic biotechnology includes: agriculture, domesticated plants, domesticated animals, natural fibers (wool, cotton), biofuels, fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides, water technology (hydraulic engineering), sanitation engineering, fermentation, and pasteurization.

Inventions from the ORAL ERA Era

Invention	Description	Year	Inventor	Country
Bed	sleeping platform	250,000 BCE		South Africa
Wood huts	housing	250,000 BCE		Africa
Clothes	leather	170,000 BCE		Africa
Cloth weaving	fiber weaving	36,000 BCE		Czechoslovakia, Moravia, Turkey (42)
Mortar and pestle	flour making	36,000 BCE		Southwest Asia
Dog domestication	from grey wolf	32,000 BCE		Belgium, several Eurasia sites
Blanket		32,000 BCE		Europe
Braided rope	more advanced fiber technology	15,000 BCE		Lascaux, France
Bread	baking	12,000 BCE		Jordan
Basket weaving	container	12,000 BCE		Egypt

Inventions from the TOKENS ERA Era

Invention	Description	Year	Inventor	Country
Eight paleolithic founding crops domestication	first domesticated plants: eikorn wheat, emmer wheat, peas, chick peas, flax, rye, hulled barley, bitter vetch	10,000 BCE		Mesopotamia (4)
Fermentation of beer and wine	beer first fermented	10,000 BCE		Mesopotamia (91)
Domestication of herding animals	sheep, goats, pigs, cattle	10,000 BCE		Mesopotamia (5)
Gourds	vessels for containment	10,0000 BCE		Peru
Grain grinding	milling	9000 BCE		Syria
Granary	grain storage	9500 BCE		Israel
Domestication of pigs	pork #1 meat in world	8500 BCE		Europe, Asia
Fort	walled village	7000 BCE		Indus River
Sugar cane domestication	sweetener	7000 BCE		New Guinea
Tanned leather	clothing, etc	7000 BCE		Indus River
Domesticated bananas	most common fruit	6500 BCE		New Guinea
Wool garments/rugs	woven wool	6000 BCE		Mesopotamia
Yogurt	bacteria cultures	5000 BCE		Mesopotamia
Cheese	preserved milk product	5000 BCE		Poland
Irrigation	first hydraulic engineering	5000 BCE		Mesopotamia
Chickens domesticated	least expensive meat	5200 BCE		China
Plow, ard scratch plow	domesticated oxen	5000 BCE		Mesopotamia (10)
Leavened bread	yeast	4000 BCE		Egypt
Canal	hydraulic engineering	4000 BCE		Syria
Apple domestication	common fruit	4000 BCE		Kazakhstan

Inventions from the WRITTEN ERA Era

Invention	Description	Year	Inventor	Country
Horse domesticated	coincides with wheel/axle	3500 BCE		Eurasian steppes
First large city	Uruk, Sumer	3200 BCE		Sumer, Mesopotamia
Cat domesticated	felines	3000 BCE		Egypt
Dice	game	3000 BCE		Egypt
Donkey/ass domesticated	beast of burden	3000 BCE		Egypt
Distillation of alcohol	ethanol	3000 BCE		Indus River
Toilet	indoor plumbing	3000 BCE		Indus River (25)
Dam	with reservoir	3000 BCE		Indus River
Cotton fabric	woven	3000 BCE		Egypt
Soap	personal hygiene	2800 BCE		Sumer, Mesopotamia (53)
Public baths	sewage system	2600 BCE		Indus River
Levee	flood control	2600 BCE		Indus River
Enclosed harbor	protected shipping	2500 BCE		Indus River
Sulfur as a pesticide	agriculture	2500 BCE		Mesopotamia
Pickles	preserved cucumbers	2400 BCE		India/Mesopotamia
Noodles	from wheat dough	2000 BCE		China
Aqueduct	water transport	2000 BCE		Greece

Inventions from the ALPHABET ERA Era

Invention	Description	Year	Inventor	Country
Chocolate	from cocoa	700 BCE	Maya/Aztec	Mesoamerica
Hammock	rope/cloth	425 BCE	Akibiades	Greece
Iron cast mouldboard plow	cuts and turns the soil	300 BCE		China
Chrysantemum as natural insecticide	herbal pest control	100 AD		China

Inventions from the NUMBERS ERA Era

Invention	Description	Year	Inventor	Country
Coffee	caffeine drink	800 AD	Kaldi the goat herder	Ethiopia
Button	garment closure	1250 AD		Germany
Banking	institutionalized	1350 AD	Bardi and Peruzzzi families	Florence, Italy

Inventions from the PRINT ERA Era

Invention	Description	Year	Inventor	Country
Brush	toothbrush, hair brush, scrub brush	1498	Lyda D. Newman	China/USA
New World crops	tomato, potato, corn, beans, peppers	1500		Meso and Latin America (63)
Cigarette	tobacco from New World	1614 AD		Seville, Spain
Sofa	furniture	1690 AD		UK
Mechanized seed drill	machine planting, horse drawn	1701 AD	Jethro Tull	UK
Carbonated soft drink		1767 AD	Joseph Priestly	UK
Indoor flushing toilet		1775 AD	Thomas Crapper	UK
Threshing machine	mechanized agriculture	1786 AD	Andrew Miekle	UK
Shoe laces	secure shoes	1790 AD	Harvey Kennedy	UK
Cotton gin	removes cotton seeds	1783 AD	Eli Whitney	USA
Reaping machine	mechanized agriculture	1807 AD	Cyrus McCormack	USA
Vacuum sealed jars	canning	1809 AD	Nicholas Appert	France
Tin canned food	tin and steel cans	1810 AD	Peter Durand	UK
Combine harvester	mechanized agriculture	1834 AD	Hiram Moore	USA

Inventions from the WIRED ERA Era

Invention	Description	Year	Inventor	Country
Practical threshing machine	mechanized agriculture	1837	Hiram A. Pitts, John A. Pitts	USA
Standard modern flush toilet	sanitation mechanized	1837	Thomas Crapper	UK
Steel plow	modern	1837	John Deere	USA
Super phosphate	first synthetic fertilizer	1839	Justus von Biebig, John Bennet Lawes	UK
Ice cream maker		1843	Nancy Johnson	USA
Mowing machine	practical	1844	William Ketchum	USA
Dry cleaning		1849	Jean-Baptiste Jolly	France
Pasteurization		1864	Louis Pasteur	France (49)
Scientific plant breeding	Mendelian	1865	Gregor Mendel	Czechoslovakia
Margarine	butter substitute	1869	Hippolyte Mage-Mourias	France
Hay bailing machine	automatic	1872	Charles Withington	USA
Blue jeans	miners wear	1873	Levi Strauss, Jacob Davis	USA
DDT pesticide	dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane	1874	Othmar Zeidler	Germany
Saccharin	artificial sweetner	1879	Ira Remsen, Constantin Fahlberg	USA/Germany
Septic tank	sanitation	1881	Jean-Louis Mouras	France
Peanut butter		1884	Marcellus Gilmore Edson	Canada
Coca cola	soft drink	1886	John Pemberton	USA
Sewage treatment facility	sanitary engineering	1890	Worchester , Mass.	USA
Gas tractor	mechanized agriculture	1892	John Froehlich	USA
Zipper	fastening device	1893	Whitcomb Judson	USA
Breakfast cereal flakes		1894	John Harvey Kellogg	USA
Hairbrush	hygiene	1898	Lyda D. Newman	USA
Concrete dam		1903	Nils F. Ambursen	USA
Synthetic detergent		1907	Fritz Henkel	Germany
Hybrid corn		1917	Donald F. Jones	USA
Nitrogen fixation	Haber-Bosch process for ammonia production	1918	Fritz Haber, Carl Bosch	Germany (46)

Inventions from the WIRELESS ERA Era

Invention	Description	Year	Inventor	Country
Flash frozen food	fresher tasting	1924	Clarence Birdseye	USA
Kool Aid	uncarbonated soft drink	1927	Edwin E. Perkins	USA
Synthetic detergent, FEWA	clothes washing	1935	Heinrich Bertsch	Germany
Suntan lotion	sunscreen	1936	Eugene Schueller	France
Biodiesel	fuel	1937	G. Chavanne	Belgium
Carbon 14 dating	archaeology	1940	Martin Kamen, UC Berkley	USA
Freeze dried food	modern	1946	Earl F. Flosdorf	USA
Round baler for hay	Roto-baler, large round bails	1947	Ummo Luebben, Allis-Chalmers	USA
Roll on deodorant	Ban	1952	Helen Barnett Diserens	USA
Self propelled combine harvester	mechanized farming	1952	Claeys, Claas	Germany
Cloning	frog tadpole, amphibian	1952	Robert Briggs,Thomas King	USA
Frozen TV dinner	heated on tray	1954	C.A. Swanson	USA
E cigarette	nicotine system	1963	Herbert Al. Gilbert, Hon Lik	USA
Reverse osmosis	water purification	1964	Sidney Loeb	USA
Reverse osmosis desalination	plant	1965	Jean Antoine Nollet	France (76)
Aspartame	artificial sweetener	1965	James M. Schlatter	USA
Mammal cloning		1970	John B. Gurdon	UK
Genetically modified bacteria	Pseudomonas, oil eating GMO bacteria	1971	Ananda Mohan Chakrabarty, GE	USA
Monoclonal antibodies	immunotherapy	1975	Georges J. F. Kohler, Cesar Milstein	Germany/Argentina
DNA sequencing	not automated	1977	Frederick Sanger	UK
Gene splicing	human to bacteria gene	1977	Paul Zamecnik	USA
DNA fingerprinting and profiling	crime solving, forensic	1984	Alec John Jeffreys	UK
Automated DNA sequencing	practical	1985	Leroy Edward Hood, Lloyd Smith	USA
Seedless watermelon		1987	Woo Jang-choon	Korea/Japan

Inventions from the INTERNET ERA Era

Invention	Description	Year	Inventor	Country
Genetically modified organism	GMO tomato	1994	Jonathan Jones, Cathie Martin	USA
Genetically modified organism	GMO corn	1996	Boyer and Cohen, Monsanto	USA
Dolly cloned sheep	successful mammalian cloning	1996	Keith Campbell, Ian Wilmut et al.	UK
Genetically modified organism	GMO soybean	1996	Boyer and Cohen, Monsanto	USA
Genetically modified organism	GMO rice	1999	Ingo Potrykus, Peter Beyer	Switzerland
Rapamycin extends rodent life expectancy 20%	anti aging drugs, TOR	2009	Michael Hall, George Levi	Switzerland/USA
Cultured meat	cellular agriculture	2013	Jason Gaverick Metheny	USA
Genetically modified salmon	GMO salmon	2015	Garth Fletcher	USA
CRISPR tomato	GMO	2019	Jennifer Doudna et al.	USA
CRISPR biofuels	biodiesel	2019	Jennifer Doudna et al.	USA
Impossible meat	leghemoglobin yeast GMO	2019	Patrick O. Brown	USA

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